國小教師工作壓力對身心健康影響之研究

The Effect of Job Pressure on Physical and Mental Health among Elementary School Teachers

范美華 ； 黃娟娟

《高應科大體育》 11期 (2012/12) Pp. 65-75

https://doi.org/10.29889/KUASPE.201212.0006

摘要

現今國小教師面臨許多工作壓力，對其身心健康狀況不知是否會造成影響？因此本研究旨在了解國小教師工作壓力與身心健康之現況，並分析工作壓力及身心健康之因素，最後再驗證工作壓力對於身心健康有正向影響。研究者以100學年度苗栗縣立國民小學之現任合格教師為研究對象，「中國人健康量表」及「國民中小學教師工作壓力量表」為研究工具，進行問卷調查。根據實際調查所得之資料，分別以描述性統計、結構方程模式等方法進行統計，共收回有效問卷400份。接著利用LISREL 8.51版進行結構方程模式的二階驗證性因素分析及路徑分析。研究結果如下：1.教師有八成的人身心健康狀況不佳。2.教師對於教學與輔導管教的壓力困擾程度較高。3.教師對於時間的壓力困擾程度較低。4.工作壓力對教師身心健康之生理層面有正向影響。5.工作壓力對教師身心健康之心理層面有正向影響。6.工作壓力對國小教師身心健康有正向影響。本研究結果對於苗栗縣國小教師了解工作壓力影響身心健康狀況有很大的幫助。

關鍵字

身心健康 ； 工作壓力 ； 結構方程模式 ； 國小教師

並列摘要

An elementary school teacher has to deal with many kinds of job pressure every day. The pressure may influnce the physical and mental health of the teacher. The aim of this research was to explore the current status of elementary school teachers' ”job pressure” and ”physical and mental health”. The factors which influenced the ”physical and mental health” and ”job stress” were thus analyzed, and it was proved that there was a positive relation between the ”physical and mental health” and the ”job stress”Subjects of the research were qualified teachers teaching in Miaoli County in 100 school year. ”Health scale of Chinese” and ”Job stress scale of junior high school teachers” were the research tools, and software LISREL 8.51 were used to process 400 valid questionnaires. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, two steps testing factor analysis of structural equation modeling and SEM to analysis path analysis of structural equation modeling.The results were as followed: 1. The physical and mental health conditions of 80% elementary school teachers in Maioli County were not good. 2. The level of disturbing of teaching, counseling and maintaining discipline was high for teachers in Miaoli County. 3. The level of disturbing of time stress was low for teachers in Miaoli County. 4. There was a positive relation between job stress and the physical condition of the elementary school teachers' physical and mental health. 5. There was a positive relation between job stress and the mental condition of the elementary school teachers' physical and mental health. 6. There was no positive relation between job stress and the social condition of the elementary school teachers' physical and mental health. 7. There was a positive relation between job stress and the elementary school teachers' physical and mental health.The results of the research greatly helped us to understand the current status of elementary school teachers' ”job pressure” and ”physical and mental health” in Maioli County.

並列關鍵字

Physical and Mental Health ； Job Pressure ； Structural Equation Modeling ； Elementary School Teacher