COVID-19防疫教育方案對血液透析病人的知識、態度與行為成效之探討

Impact of a COVID-19 Educational Program Intervention on the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis

蕭佩妮(Pei-Ni Hsiao) ； 蕭仕敏(Shih-Ming Hsiao) ； 李佳蓉(Jia-Jung Lee) ； 林小閔(Shiao-Min Lin) ； 黃玉瑩(Yu-Ying Huang) ； 陳碧蓉(Pi-Jung Chen) ； 黃綉雲(Hsiu-Yun Huang) ； 陳麗糸(Lih-Mih Chen)

《高雄護理雜誌》 39卷1期 (2022/04) Pp. 1-17

https://doi.org/10.6692/KJN.202204_39(1).0001

摘要

背景：血液透析病人屬於COVID-19感染的高危險群，充份的知能、正向的態度及落實的防疫行為是防止COVID-19疫情傳播的關鍵。目的：探討COVID-19防疫教育方案介入對血液透析病人於防疫知識、態度與行為的改善成效及防疫知識、態度與行為的相關性。方法：採前實驗研究法之單組前、後測設計。以方便取樣招募南部某醫學中心血液透析門診病人228位。運用COVID-19防疫手冊合併多媒體教學法進行一對一個別衛教課程，每週3次，每次30分鐘，為期1週。以COVID-19防疫知識、態度與行為量表，分別在介入前及介入二週後測量其改善成效。以SAS 9.4統計軟體，paired t-test和McNemar test分析前後測差異。結果：防疫知識得分在介入後有顯著性增加（t=0.78，p＜0.0001）；但防疫態度（p=0.47）和防疫行為（p=0.77）於介入後卻無顯著性影響。病人防疫知識與防疫行為達顯著相關（r=0.18，p＜0.01），防疫態度與防疫行為呈顯著相關（r=0.65，p＜0.01），但防疫知識與防疫態度未達顯著相關（r=0.12，p=0.07）。結論：本研究結果顯示COVID-19防疫教育方案可有效提升病人知識。未來有必要調整教育介入方法以增強病人態度與行為。

關鍵字

COVID-19 ； 血液透析 ； 教育方案介入

並列摘要

Background: Hemodialysis patients are the high-risk group for COVID-19 infection. Adequate knowledge, positive attitudes and implemented precaution behaviors are the key in preventing the spread of the COVID-19 outbreak. Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of educational programs on the knowledge, attitudes and practices toward COVID-19 infection prevention for hemodialysis patients and the relationships among such knowledge, attitudes and practices. Methods: This quasi-experimental research used a pre-post study design and applied convenience sampling in recruiting 228 patients undergoing hemodialysis at one medical center hospital in southern Taiwan. We conducted an educational program including individual lessons three times a week, 30 minutes each time for one week. A COVID-19 infection control booklet was also provided to all subjects. Scales covering evaluation of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors toward COVID-19 infection control were collected at baseline and two weeks after the intervention. Pre-post differences were analyzed by paired t-test and McNemar test using SAS 9.4. Results: The intervention with educational program improved patients' knowledge significantly (p＜0.0001). However, the pre-post scores of attitude (p=0.47) and practices (p=0.77) toward COVID-19 infection control showed no significant differences. Patients' knowledge scores were significantly correlated with practice and the attitude scores were significantly correlated with practice as well; neither of these scores indicated significant differences. Conclusions: These findings supported the effectiveness of educational program in promoting patient's knowledge. The results also suggest it is necessary to adjust intervention methods to enhance changes in patient's attitudes and behaviors regarding COVID-19 infection control in future.

並列關鍵字

COVID-19 ； Hemodialysis ； Educational program intervention

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