腎臟移植病人術後自我照顧行為與其相關因素探討

Self-Care Behavior and Associated Factors in Patients with Postoperative Kidney Transplant Recipients

龔蘭芳(Lan-Fang Kung) ； 王淑麗(Shu-Li Wang) ； 陳慈徽(Tzu-Hui Chen) ； 陳麗系(Lih-Mih Chen)

《高雄護理雜誌》 40卷2期 (2023/08) Pp. 1-17

https://doi.org/10.6692/KJN.202308_40(2).0001

摘要

背景：腎臟移植能提供末期腎臟病患更高的存活率及減少醫療支出，要維持移植腎的健康，術後自我照顧行為是首要關鍵。目的：探討腎臟移植病人術後自我照顧行為與其相關因素。方法：採橫斷式相關性研究，以方便取樣在南部某醫學中心收取134位接受腎臟移植術後於門診治療之病人為研究對象。資料收集於2018年9月至12月以結構性問卷進行資料的收集，利用自我照顧行為及疾病知識量表進行資料蒐集，以SPSS 22.0的線性逐步迴歸來找出自我照顧行為的相關因素。結果：本研究顯示腎臟移植病人自我照顧行為得分偏低，平均值為39.8±8.5；疾病知識與自我照顧行為呈正相關。疾病知識和年齡是腎臟移植病人自我照顧行為之重要預測因子，可解釋自我照顧行為19.4%的總變異量。實務／臨床應用：病人疾病知識越好者其自我照顧行為越佳，建議醫療人員在衛教前能優先評估病人的疾病知識程度，並且針對程度較差提供適切的衛教，以改善自我照顧行為。

關鍵字

腎臟移植術後 ； 自我照顧 ； 疾病知識

並列摘要

Background: In comparison with dialysis, kidney transplantation can improve the survival rate and reduce medical expenses, while disease-related knowledge and postoperative self-care play important roles in making the transplanted kidneys function longer inside the recipients. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the Self-Care Behavior and Associated Factors in Patients with Postoperative Kidney Transplant Recipients. Methods: With a cross-sectional, descriptive and correlated research design, 134 participants after kidney transplantation were conveniently recruited from a medical center of Taiwan. Data were collected by using the Chronic Kidney Disease Self-Care Scale and Perceived Kidney Knowledge Survey during the period of September to December in 2018. Data were analyzed by using linear stepwise regression of SPSS version 22.0. Results: The results showed that the score of self-care behavior of kidney transplant patients was 39.8±8.5, which was low, although disease-related knowledge and self-care behavior were positively correlated. Self-care behaviors in kidney transplantation patients with higher disease-related knowledge scores and of older age were better predicted, which explained 19.4% of total variance. Conclusion / Implications for Practice: Based on the results of higher disease-related knowledge scores and the better the self-care behaviors patients had, healthcare teams need to assess the knowledge of patients before health education and provide appropriate education to those with lower knowledge scores, thereby improving self-care behaviors.

並列關鍵字

kidney transplantation ； self-care ； knowledge

參考文獻

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