台灣當代女性藝術的性別覺醒與創作蘊意

本研究藉由台灣當代女性藝術，包括傳統藝術（雕刻、油畫、版畫、素描）與影像藝術（電影為主）等主題，探討台灣當代女性藝術創作者如何以創作展現自我的性別意識。台灣當代女性藝術在七○年代的婦女解放運動與女性主義思潮中醞釀而生；女性藝術家經過性別覺醒、解放歷程，開始積極參與個展／聯展等活動，試圖展現藝術創作，並企圖批判長期由男性霸權操控的藝術環境。本研究運用文本分析與深度訪談法，探究台灣當代女性藝術創作中的性別意識，同時援引婦女解放運動、女性主義理論為基本觀點，分析當代女性透過藝術創作所展現的性別意涵。研究發現，台灣當代女性藝術創作者，歷經婦女解放運動的賦權與性別意識覺醒的過程，開始藉由身體展演、扮裝等方式，企圖製造一種性別流動與非二元對立的觀看位置；同時也以肯定自我生命經驗的創作方式，透過「女性意象」來表達女性的情感、經驗與情慾。此外，更積極地，她們勇敢挑戰傳統藝術史對女性的漠視，試圖透過藝術創作，為女性的生命經驗書寫與編纂歷史。

關鍵字

女性藝術；女性主義；婦女解放運動；性別意識

並列摘要

This paper attempts to discover how female Taiwanese artists present their gender consciousness through their work. We examine contemporary women's visual art in Taiwan, including carvings, canvases, prints, sketches, and films. The women's liberation movement and feminism in the 1970s gave birth to contemporary women's art in Taiwan; female artists began to progressively hold exhibitions after undergoing the process of actualizing their gender equality. They attempted to critique the artistic field, which had been manipulated by men or had been under the influence of patriarchal hegemony. To obtain a better understanding of gender consciousness and its implications for these artists and their works, we first reviewed the literature on feminism and critiques of the women's liberation movement, and then used documentary analysis and in-depth interviews as our research method. The results show that through 3 major forms, these artists attempted to effectuate a particular method of feminist seeing. The first form of feminism is women's manner of displaying their bodies to subvert a series of binary oppositions formed by the patriarchal unconsciousness. In addition, by recognizing their own life experiences, women used ”female images” to express female emotions, experiences, and desires. Finally, women challenged the absence of female artists in canonical art history with their creations and writings, and they constructed their own art history.