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無旋性前進重力波傳遞在均勻流中的Lagrangian解析解與試驗驗證Part 1.理論解析解

The Irrotational Progressive Gravity Waves Propagating on Uniform Currents in Lagrangian Analysis and Experiments. Part 1. Theoretical Analysis

摘要


對於三度空間等深水中,無旋性自由表面週期性規則前進重力波傳遞在均勻流中的波流場,依質量守恆取一波長的流體質點的運動位移的波長平均高程,所得其標註參數恰為其在原靜止水中的位置下,完全以Lagrangian方式的參數控制式,解出此波流場至第三階的全Lagrangian形式解且得到檢核驗證;其中波流交互作用效應存在於Lagrangian流速勢中,使得波流場中的壓力不受均勻流的影響。而Eulerian形式解所無法描述的流場特性,包括大於前進波週期的流體質點的運動週期,與其受前進波引起的質量傳輸速度,和它們間的關係,及流體質點對其運動週期平均的高程與成因等,皆被說明是隨流體質點所在的高程向下做指數函數似地遞減;以及流體質點的三度空間螺旋曲線式的運動軌跡與煙線,其隨均勻流之流向流速而變化的情況,如其在均勻流於前進波波向有同向的流速分量時,是受流體質點恰在波谷斷面處時的流速大小而變的形式,與其在均勻流於前進波波向有反向的流速分量時,是受流體質點恰在波峰斷面處時的流速大小而變者,有很大不同的倒反形式甚至變成封閉曲線者亦被呈現。最後,說明波流場變成穩定化運動流場情況時的特性,及證實其在無流時退化成純前進波的情況。

並列摘要


This paper presents a third-order solution in Lagrangian coordinates for the progressive gravity wave interacting with a uniform current in the three dimensional space. This explicit parametric solution highlights the particle trajectory, mass transport, Lagrangian mean level and angular frequency of the particle motion in a Lagrangian form which cannot derive directly from those of the Eulerian. It is also found that the effect of wave-current interaction is occurred in Lagrangian velocity potential and the pressure is not affected by the uniform current. The variations of the helical particle orbits resulting from the interaction with a steady uniform current of different magnitudes and directions are also investigated. The present solution can be reduced to that of the pure progressive waves with no uniform current.

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