接受抗癌治療之乳癌病人身體心像改變及其護理

Nursing Care of the Body Image Change in Breast Cancer Patients after Chemotherapy

陳玉紛(Yu-Fen Chen) ； 張慕民(Mu-Ming Chang) ； 潘雪幸(Hsueh-Hsing Pan)

《腫瘤護理雜誌》 14卷1期 (2014/06) Pp. 13-24

https://doi.org/10.3966/168395442014061401002

摘要

台灣地區乳癌發生率節節升高，乳癌主要以乳房切除手術為主，術後需再接受輔助性的治療，不僅會導致身體上的不適，且往往因乳房切除、淋巴水腫、頭髮脫落等身體外觀的改變，造成身體心像完整性的破壞，使得乳癌病人出現許多情緒困擾，因此在臨床照護上，需收集主觀資料包括個人基本資料、身體外觀結構及功能完整性、心理困擾程度及社會角色功能等，客觀資料的評估可使用身體心像視覺類比量表、身體心像量表確立乳癌病人是否存有身體心像改變之護理問題，再依其導因提供術後傷口照護、淋巴水腫相關護理、諮商與支持、乳房重建或義乳相關資訊及社會力量等適當的個別性護理措施，以協助乳癌病人重建身體心像，進而改善情緒狀況，幫助其渡過心靈上的危機。

關鍵字

抗癌治療 ； 乳癌 ； 身體心像改變

並列摘要

The incidence rate of breast cancer in Taiwan increased year by year. Surgery is one of the major treatments for breast cancer patients. Furthermore, the patients stillneed to receive adjuvant treatments after surgery. Besides the physical discomforts, these patients would suffer from lymphedema, hair loss, and body image changes due to mastectomy during the treatment process. These changes and discomforts caused a lot of emotional distress in breast cancer patients. Therefore, nurses need to assess the patients whether they suffered body image changes through collecting subjective data including demographics, physical appearance and functional integrity, psychological distress, and social role and function as well as objective data using Body Image Visual Analog Scale (BIVAS) and Body Image Scale (BIS) to identify these patients' problems in nursing care. According to the patient's problems, nurses provided appropriate and individualized nursing interventions to help the breast cancer patients reconstruct the body image, improve their emotional states and resolve their spirit crisis.

並列關鍵字

Cancer treatment ； breast cancer ； body image change