身體特徵及生理反應與急性低氧症狀之相關性

The Physical Characteristics and Physiological Responses Related to the Symtoms in Acute Hypoxia

翁立窈(Li-Yao Weng) ； 郭博昭(Bo-Jau Kuo) ； 蔡玉敏(Ynh-Min Tsai) ； 溫德生(Te-Sheng Wen) ； 陳俊忠(Jin-Jong Chen)

《中華民國航空醫學暨科學期刊》 19卷2期 (2005/12) Pp. 83-93

https://doi.org/10.7011/JAMSRC.200512.0083

摘要

台灣山區，佔全島面積的三分之二。旅客們藉由便利的交通工具，登上三千公尺以上的高山，祇需要一至兩天的路程。雖然，地形和交通使旅遊便利，但是快速登上高山，卻可能引發高山病。嚴重的高山病會引發肺水腫、腦水腫，甚至導致死亡。
過去研究發現，短暫急性低氧測試可用來預測高山病的發生。此外，間歇性低氧訓練可以便登山者預先適應高山上的低氧環境。然而，急性低氧帶來的不適症狀，可能會影響預測的準確性或是間歇低氧訓練的成功率。因此，本研究之目的在探討：急性低氧環境中，有低氧症狀之個體的身體特徵、心臟循環呼吸系統及自主神經之反應，是否與無低氧症狀之個體有所不同。
本實驗採用單盲、重覆測量的研究方法。27位受測者被要求接受短暫的急性低氧測試，根據在低氧測試過程中，是否有急性低氧症狀，將受測者分為耐受組及不適組，相互比較之。結果顯示，凡有急性低氧症狀的個體相較於無急性低氧症狀的個體，其身體質量指數較高；準備期之交感神經調控比例較低，呼啦效率較差；然而，在低氧期，這些有急性低氧症狀的個體之交感神經活性變化程度顯著地高於無急性低氧症狀之個體。
因此，我們或許可以推論，準備接受低氧訓練或測試的個體，若有較高的身體質量指數或較低的交感神經活性，或許較容易罹患急性低氧症狀。

關鍵字

缺氧 ； 高山症 ； 缺氧反應 ； 身體質量指數

並列摘要

Introduction: Taiwan is about two-third its area covered with mountains. Popular tourist can take only one to two days to reach an altitude higher than 3,000 meters. however, going to a high altitude rapidly may easily lead to acute mountain sickness (AMS). Severe AMS could lead to death. Hypoxia tests can be used to prevent AMS and intermittent hypoxia training can be used for preacclimatization. However, acute hypoxia symptoms during testing may affect the accuracy of a hypoxia prediction test as well as the success of a hypoxia training. Methods: The aim of this study was to investigate the physical characteristics of subjects with acute hypoxia symptoms and their responses of their cardiopulmonary system and autonomic nervous system during acute hypoxia. This was a single blind, repeated-measure experimental study. Twenty-seven subjects were recruited. They went through the short-term acute hypoxia test of 1l%O2 at sea level for twenty minutes. Based on the resulted symptoms, the subjects were grouped into the Sickness or the Non-sickness group. Results: The results showed that people with acute hypoxia symptoms had a significantly higher body mass index, lower sympathetic modulation, lower oxygen saturation, and poor breathing efficiency before the SAH test and significantly increased sympathetic activation during the SAH test. Therefore, we may presume that people who have a higher BMI, and lower sympathetic nervous activity before they was administrated to a hypoxia training program or a hypoxia test, may have more possibility to get acute hypoxia symptoms.

並列關鍵字

hypoxia ； altitude sickness ； hypoxic responses ； body mass index