以非侵入性生理參數輔助抗G動作效益評估

Evaluation of the effectiveness of anti-G straining maneuver with non-invasively obtained physiological parameters in fighter pilots and trainees

賴重宇(Chung-Yu Lai) ； 朱信(Hsin Chu) ； 杜旻育(Min-Yu Tu)

《中華民國航空醫學暨科學期刊》 32卷1&2期 (2018/12) Pp. 19-32

https://doi.org/10.7011/JAMSROC.201812_32(1_2).0002

摘要

目的：本研究目的在利用非侵入性方法評估抗G動作，以協助確認受訓人員暸解抗G動作要領，並能正確及有效率的執行抗G動作以增加G耐力。材料與方法：研究對象為空軍第7聯隊飛行官、空軍軍官學校飛行學官（生）及年度內航醫航護航生官訓練班學員。高G耐力訓練課程中，學科授課後，授課教官指導研究對象操作抗G動作。資料收集第一階段為離心機外階段：收集研究對象靜坐30秒期間各項生理參數，後續收集執行10秒鐘抗G動作期間各項生理參數。資料收集第二階段為離心機階段：先收集研究對象於離心機內靜坐30秒期間各項生理參數，之後開始進行高G耐力訓練，全程評估各項生理參數並分析。結果：101位執行高G耐力訓練研究對象中，鬆弛性、緊張性G耐力分別為5.2、8.4G，抗G動作效益為3.3G。102位研究對象地面訓練執行抗G動作前後，心搏出量、心跳及心輸出量改變比值與抗G動作效益之皮爾森相關係數分別為-0.156、-0.087及-0.160，未達統計上顯著意義。83位高G耐力訓練且接受生理參數監測研究對象中，執行抗G動作前後，心搏出量、心跳及心輸出量改變比值與抗G動作效益之皮爾森相關係數分別為-0.207、0.060及-0.130，僅心搏出量達統計上邊緣顯著。結論：在地面及高G耐力訓練時，抗G動作成效較差或G力耐受性較低之人員，心臟參數增加情形較為顯著，惟在高G耐力訓練時，無G力昏迷人員心搏出量、心跳數及心輸出量上升比例較顯著。地面及高G耐力訓練結果呈現不同，可能原因為地面及高G環境所造成生理差異，同時於執行抗G動作後，亦產生不同生理反應。

關鍵字

抗G動作 ； 高G耐力訓練

並列摘要

Objectives: Assess the effectiveness of anti-G straining maneuver (AGSM) using an objective and non-invasive method and investigate the association between cardiac parameters and G tolerance. Methods: Subjects were pilots from the 7th Flight Tactical Wing of ROC Air Force, Air Force Academy and trainees of Flight Surgeon, Flight Nurse, and Aviation Physiologist Training Course. After lesson briefing, instructor demonstrated how to perform proper AGSM and subjects learned to operate AGSM. Cardiovascular parameters were collected at rest and during AGSM using Impedance Cardiography. Subjects' relaxed G tolerance, strained G tolerance and cardiac parameters were also recorded during high G training. Results: Relaxed and strained G tolerance was 5.2G and 8.4G among 101 subjects. Effectiveness of AGSM was 3.3G. Changes of stroke volume, heart rate, and cardiac output showed trend of negative association with effectiveness of AGSM on the ground training, with Pearson correlation coefficients of -0.156, -0.087, and -0.160 respectively. During high G training, only the ratio of stroke volume was borderline inversely related with effectiveness of AGSM (Pearson correlation coefficient -0.207). Corresponding to ground training, participants with less efficient AGSM or low G tolerance showed significant increase in cardiac parameters during high G training except for those suffering from G-force-induced loss of consciousness. Potential explanations were that there are significant physiological differences and cardiovascular reactions during AGSM between 1G and high G environment.

並列關鍵字

anti-G straining maneuver ； high G training