阿里山地區阿里山山椒魚的分布與族群監測

Distribution and Population Dynamic of Alishan Salamander (Hynobius arisanensis) in Alishan Areas

賴俊祥(June-Shiang Lai) ； 呂光洋(Kuang-Yang Lue)

《Bio Formosa》 42卷2期 (2007/12) Pp. 105-117

https://doi.org/10.6248/BF.2007.42(2).07

摘要

從2002年4月至2006年3月於阿里山地區進行阿里山山椒魚的族群分布與族群監測的研究。調查了阿里山鄰近地區共36個林班地中的山葵田，在其中9個林班地的山葵田有發現山椒魚，這些地點共有的特色是坡度平緩及穩定的水源。在族群監測方面，在阿里山姐妹潭的永久樣區內共調查到266隻次山椒魚，其中94隻次為再捕獲。利用Jolly-Seber法估算每月族群數量在13-224之間，族群數量與前人對在此樣區的估算值相比較尚稱平穩。年齡結構方面，樣區個體的組成以成體為主，亞成體的出現不規則，而幼體僅在春季出現。個體活動範圍的估算值在0-509平方公尺之間，平均值64.9±29.6平方公尺(n=19)。利用Cormack-Jolly-Seber模型估算存活率在成體為0.996，亞成體為0.997，皆屬於高存活率。估算的捕獲率每個季節都不同，捕獲率與濕度及溫度呈正相關。再利用Lesliematrixmodel來模型化族群的動態，估計的族群增長率為1.077，表示此族群為穩定而略呈增長的族群。進一步分析增長率的敏感度及彈性值，都顯示成體的存活率是影響族群增長率最重要的因子。

關鍵字

阿里山山椒魚 ； 分布 ； 族群監測 ； 族群數量 ； Cormack-Jolly-Seber 模型 ； 存活機率 ； 捕獲機率 ； Leslie matrix model ； 族群增長率

並列摘要

From April 2002 to March 2006, we studied the distribution and population dynamic of Alishan salamander (Hynobius arisanensis) in Alishan Areas. We surveyed 73 sectors of wasabia plantation at 36 forestry areas around the Alishan areas, and found Alishan salamander in nine of them. Common characters of these localities were having a gradual rise slope and with small creeks. We use the area-constrained method to monitoring population dynamic in the Sister Ponds population. A total of 266 salamanders were captured in four years periods, with 94 recaptured salamanders. We used the Jolly-Seber method to estimate the monthly population size, it ranged between 13 and 305 individuals. It seemed that population size does not decreased as comparing with those estimation made by the former researchers. Most captured salamanders were adults, while juvenile were captured irregularly, and metamorphs only appeared in spring. Estimated home ranges of Alishan salamanders in the Alishan areas ranged 0-509 m^2 (64.9±29.6 m^2 (n=19)). We used the Cormack-Jolly-Seber model to modeling the survival and capture probability. The survival probability were constant, adults and juveniles were 0.996 and 0.997, respectively. Capture probabilities were seasonal-specific, the capture probability were significantly positive correlated with seasonal rainfall. Using the Leslie matrix model to investigate the population dynamics and to determine population growth rate of this population, it was 1.077, indicating that the population is stable and slow growth. The sensitivity and elasticity population growth rate both indicate that the adult survival rate was the most important vital rate for the population stability.

並列關鍵字

Hynobius arisanensis ； distribution ； population monitoring ； population size ； Cormack-Jolly-Seber model ； survival probability ； capture probability ； Leslie matrix model ； population growth rate