台灣日治時期的中醫發展與困境

The Development and the Dilemma of Chinese Medicine during the Japanese Governance of Taiwan

葉永文(Yun-Wen Yeh)

《臺灣中醫醫學雜誌》 5卷2期 (2007/03) Pp. 69-81

https://doi.org/10.30032/TJCM.200703.0008

摘要

自古以來，中醫一直是國家與社會中具支配性的醫療主體，但當西方的科學醫學傳入之後，中西醫療便進入了一種競爭衝突的關係中。然而這種競爭衝突關係的結果卻讓中醫逐漸退出國家醫政的支配領域，成為民間社會之醫療體系的一環，更甚者，在西醫醫政的意圖操控下，中醫在民間社會上所盤據的地位卻也岌岌可危，顯見中醫在其發展上的困境與無奈。針對中醫在台灣日治時期發展上的處境，本文以醫政上的論述、謀略、和權力等三面向，來分別就當時具支配性的醫療觀念、一些政策佈局、以及中西醫療間的競逐關係進行檢視與分析。其結果發現，此時期的醫療觀念係以科學醫學為主體，以致相關的政策法規便存有對中醫發展相當不利的佈局，從而在中西醫療的競逐關係上便呈現出對中醫發展的諸多壓迫景象。

關鍵字

中醫 ； 科學醫學 ； 論述 ； 謀略 ； 權力

並列摘要

For centuries before the introduction of the Western medicine into the Chinese society, the Chinese medicine had been the dominating role in the medication mainstream. However, since then, Chinese and Western medicines were in conflict, and the main role of Chinese medicine was gradually replaced by the Western one. Eventually, the Chinese medicine runs into a developmental dilemma under the control of Western medical police. To explore the twisting relationship between the Chinese and Western medicine during the Japanese Governance of Taiwan, the present study aims to examine and analyze the prevailing concepts of medical cares, medical policy making and competing relationship between the two medicine constructs from the perspectives of medical police with respect to discourse, strategy and power. The discussion showed that the scientific medication was the mainstream resulting in negative impacts on the operation of Chinese medicine and such oppressed its development.

並列關鍵字

Chinese medicine ； scientific medicine ； discourse ； strategy ； power