並列摘要
Preface Since birth, human beings are in a world of colors. For the museum exhibition, among the elements like form, lighting, material and color that constitute a design, the mobile exhibition attracts visitor attention most, and then is color. The application of colors in a museum is on the space and exhibits of the exhibition. Meaning and form of the museum exhibition Museum exhibition takes education and enlightenment as a starting point. It focuses on the creation of a friendly, lively learning environment. Yet, day after day, under the influence of science and technology, the exhibition approaches get various appearances as follows: 1. Static exhibition 2. Image exhibition (e.g. screen and TV) 3. Demon-stration and performance 4.Modeling (through the manipulation of the models) 5. Question and answer 6. Hands-on (DIY activities). Color application in the exhibition A proper use of colors makes the museum exhibition more active and vivid, and it creates an environment suitable for learning. Usually, the study of the property of color may focus on its characteristics and impact on human psychology and feelings. This article, from a standpoint of museum exhibition design, offers a general description of the influence of colors on visitors, exhibition space and exhibits. The application of colors must cope with the basic conditions such as subject, object, time and place, to proceed the choice and application of the colors. Besides the consideration of the exhibits, colors in exhibition also have to take environmental colors into consideration. For example: the warm colors with light tone (red, orange, yellow, etc.) give a sensation of forwardness; on the contrary, the deep cold colors (green, greenish blue, bluish purple, etc.)give a sensation of backwardeness. If the two are positioned together, the distinction between far and near is generated, and this occurs also in achromatic colors like black and white. Owing to this effect, the receding colors are applied to the ceiling to heighten the exhibition space. Generally, we classify the application of colors in the exhibits into static and mobile types. The static exhibition is presented in simple forms including the illustrative plates, real objects, fixed models and background scenes. It is less interesting and less attractive, and it gives less effect on information conveying. Therefore, in ordinary exhibitions, the explanatory writings and charts are based on clearness and apprehensibility. Moreover, the charts with lots of minute and complicated explanatory writings should avoid using warm colors like red, orange and yellow which would cause visual fatigue. For display objects and models, warm colors or colors with high value (expansive colors such as white and yellow) have the effect of enlargement. The use of such colors is one of the methods used to emphasize the exhibits. Besides, the grayish low chroma colors are not suitable for the food exhibition; the colors of high chroma (e.g. yellow and orange) have the effect of highlighting the association between colors and taste. The mobile exhibition emphasizes on participation. To encourage visitors active participation, it is most appropriate to use the vivid, bright eye-catching colors and the colors that are easily to recognize, for they can generate a guidance effect. Examples of the color application to the Museums in Taiwan 1. National Museum of Natural Science (Taichung) Science Center Taking the introduction of natural phenomena and the conveyance of scientific knowledge as its contents, it encourages visitors hands-on operation. In aspects of color application, it is based on different blue color tones, blending in some little parts of contrast colors like red, orange and yellow. As a whole, it conveys the themes of the exhibition and creates a light, bright environment which allows hands -on experience. Life Science Hall There are various exhibition contents in the Life Science Hall. Over all, the colors applied are not beyond green or brown; among them, the use of the light colors such as white and yellow in display tables and models highlights the theme and enhances the visibility. 2. Information Science Center(Taipei) It stresses on the conveyance of the technological knowledge. The application of colors varies in different sections. However, the white color of high value is applied to all models. In addition, the Computer Application Display Area adopts different blue color tones and properly adds in the contrast colors of red and yellow. Conclusion To present an exhibition, we must take into account the nature of the exhibits and visitors psychology and behavior. As for color application, we should make an overall plan according to the display content, the communication purpose, the characteristics of colors and the visual effect. Lasting beauty is the main point in color application of an exhibition, it depends upon the designer sensitivity to colors and his sensibility.