影響參觀博物館展示因素與滿意度關係之研究

在現代博物館以「觀眾取向」(visitor-oriented)的運作模式下，博物館與觀眾之間的互動，變得更為頻繁，而藉由展示了解觀眾的需求，可包括記錄觀眾在博物館內從事參觀的活動、動機，以及滿足程度的評估等。本研究嘗試由展示評量實證研究及相關展示構成論述的文獻，整理出展示評量指標及問項，以觀眾好惡為評量指標，選取國立科學工藝博物館的「航空與太空」展示廳為研究對象，首先了解觀眾對展示內容、展示空間、展示方法等展示構成的滿意度，另再驗證展示構成對整體評價滿意度的影響因素。驗證結果，「展示內容」及「展示方法」的構面，對「整體評價」構面具有顯著影響；其中「展示主題名稱」、「展示品的參與程度」等各構面變數對「整體評價」構面具有顯著影響，又「展示主題名稱」、「展示內容順序」、「知識性展示內容」、「展示品的參與程度」等各構面變數對「整體評價」構面變數具有顯著影響。

關鍵字

博物館展示；展示構成；展示評量

並列摘要

In modern museums, the visitor-oriented operation results in more frequent interaction between museums and their visitors. We can understand the needs of visitors through museum exhibitions by recording their activities and motives of their involvement in the museum and assessing their satisfactory degree. This study tries to organize the exhibition assessment indicators and visitor questionnaires from empirical research of exhibition assessment and narrative archives of relevant exhibitions. It focuses on the ”Air Navigation and Aerospace” exhibition hall at the National Science and Technology Museum. It checks the indication of visitors' likes and dislikes to understand their satisfactory degree toward exhibition constitutions, which include exhibition content, exhibition space and exhibition method. It also verifies the impact factors of exhibition constitution on overall assessment satisfaction. The results of verification reveal that the ”exhibition content” and the ”exhibition method” have conspicuous influence on the ”overall assessment”. The variables include ”the name of exhibition theme” and ”the degree of exhibit participation” and they have noticeable influence on the ”overall assessment”. The other variables such as ”the name of exhibition theme”, ”the sequence of exhibition content”, ”the knowledge-based exhibition content”, and ”the degree of exhibit participation” have conspicuous influence on the ”overall assessment” as well.