聖與俗的辯證進程：基督宗教人文精神與當代大學教育之發展

自文藝復興之後，世俗人文主義即獲得空前的持續性發展，傳統古典大學也逐漸走出基督宗教神學修道院的藩籬，邁向世俗化之路。然而，在現代化進程中，世俗人文主義和理性主義卻日漸絕對化，科技理性和經濟理性的「虛假意識」廣泛地統治了現代的大學校園，從而導致當代大學教育陷入一種單向度理性的困境與危機中。長期以來，兩岸分別在「以黨領政」的黨國威權體制下，大學成了國家追求現代化和鞏固政權的雙重性工具，因而迄今還尚未能隨著現代化進程同步地建立起自屬的現代人文精神體系。惟當前世界各國大學教育的走向仍有日趨世俗化的現象，大學教育普遍出現了「去神聖化」的危機，終其根本解決之道須針對現代型大學進行重建工作，而在這個重建過程中，基督宗教人文精神可望成為這種新的聖俗共同體的有力支柱。

關鍵字

基督教人文主義；主體哲學；現代大學；工具理性；沒有信仰的信仰；聖俗共同體

並列摘要

Since the Renaissance, the secular humanism has achieved great developments, and the traditional ancient university gradually away from the limitations of Christian monastery, which have turned to secularization. However, the secular humanism and rationalism both became absolutely in the modernization process. The ”false consciousness” of technological rationality and economical rationality thus dominated the modern university. Therefore, the modern university education has fallen into the crisis of one-dimensional rationality. The university of Mainland China and Taiwan were the dual instruments for searching modernization and consolidating regime under the party-state authoritarianism of” party dominating politics” for a long time. So far it has not synchronously constructed one's own modern humanistic system as the progress of modernization goes on. While the current university educations in the world getting more secular, it provokes the crisis of ”desacrelized” in the university education. The solution only depends on the reconstruction of modern university. The Christian humanism could be the most appropriate backup for the new sacred-profane communities in the reconstruction process.