環境時代的新社會福利課題：環境人權的理念與實踐

New Social Welfare Issue in the Environmental Age: Environmental Human Rights

紀駿傑(Chun-Chieh Chi)

《國家政策季刊》 2卷4期 (2003/12) Pp. 201-221

https://doi.org/10.6407/NPQ.200312.0201

摘要

自從1980年代全球環境問題不斷擴大，而民眾環境意識不斷提升以來，環境人權的主張與呼聲也逐漸地成為國際上普遍追求的價值。這是繼聯合國人權宣言公布以來，國際上另一個追求人類普遍福祉的另一項重要訴求與行動，因此也是台灣在建構福利國家時必須認真加以考量的向度。本文首先介紹與分析討論有關環境人權的最主要文件－「人權與環境宣言草案」，並申論人權保障與環境保護的互為因果關係。透過這些討論，本文從而對於台灣未來追求環境人權保障時必須努力的方向以及克服的障礙提出分析與主張；其中特別強調對於弱勢群體的保護、人權與環境保護的兼顧，以及改變當前過度強調經濟發展的國家政策等。

關鍵字

環境人權 ； 人權 ； 環境保護 ； 永續發展 ； 福利國家 ； 環境正義 ； 弱勢群體

並列摘要

With the increasing environmental problems and heightened environmental consciousness of the people around the world since the 1980s, the pursuit of human environmental rights has gradually become a common international goal. This is also a major shared human welfare concern in the international community after the United Nation universal declaration of human rights, hence need to be taken seriously if Taiwan is to move forward toward a welfare state. This paper first introduces and discusses the most important document on human environmental rights-Draft Declaration of Principles on Human Rights and the Environment, and shows how the protection of the environment and human rights are mutually reinforcing. This paper subsequently discuss about the important dimensions to confront and the obstacles to overcome in pursuing environmental rights in Taiwan, they include: protecting disadvantaged groups, tending human rights and environmental protection simultaneously, and amending the national policy which overemphasize economic growth.

並列關鍵字

environmental rights ； human rights ； environmental protection ； sustainable development ； welfare state ； environmental justice ； disadvantaged groups