以巴衝突的和解與歷史書寫－PRIME對中東和平的貢獻

中東和平有兩條路徑，由上而下的協議簽定，以及由下而上的NGO運動。本文以一位以色列學者和一位巴勒斯坦學者為對象，藉由探究他們的生平與著作，進而分析「中東和平研究所」這個NGO對促進以巴和平的貢獻。以巴和解的問題在教育，而教育的基礎為教科書，為了改革教科書敍事的方式和內容，「中東和平研究所」執行了一項教科書計畫，名為「兩種敍事」，兩位主持人並因此獲得多項和平貢獻獎，深受國際社會肯定。本文從歷史與政治的角度切入，分析這項計畫的成敗，除了還原該計畫的時空背景外，並論證歷史敍事對政治發展的影響。作者認為，公正客觀的歷史敍事可以化解集體性的仇恨意識。

關鍵字

丹•巴旺；非政府組織；中東和平研究所；教科書

並列摘要

There are two ways in the Middle East peace, agreement from top to bottom, as well as NGO movement from bottom to top. This article took an Israeli scholar and a Palestinian scholar as an object, analyzing the role of PRIME and its contribution to the peace-building, by way of the research on their biography and work. Because of historical textbooks and education are the main causes in the reconciliation between Israel and Palestine, it is very important to understand how the history was taught in school. The PRIME carried out a textbook writing plan, named ”two kinds of narratives”. The two directors were awarded some prizes for their efforts to build peace in the Middle East. Their contribution was approved by the international society. This article analyzes the project from the perspective of history and political situation. In what condition could we say it is a successful project? Besides stating the background that the project has developed and its influence to the political developments, the author wants to inform the readers that a fair and objective historical narrative could bring peace and resolve the community hatred.