政府主導與經濟發展：金大中時期南韓大企業改革之分析

Government Led and Economic Development: South Korea Chaebol Reformation during Kim Dae Jung

蔡增家(Zheng-Jia Tsai)

《全球政治評論》 22期 (2008/04) Pp. 1-31

https://doi.org/10.29899/JRM.200804.0001

摘要

過去學界對於解釋南韓在1997年之所以會爆發金融風暴有許多不同的說法，有的學者認為是南韓大企業的收益減少所導致的連鎖效應，也有學者認為是南韓銀行體系的不良債權過高，同時也有學者認為是南韓親信主義下所產生的政商勾結，但是這些因素其實都是與南韓大企業的發展政策息息相關，本文嘗試將從南韓政府與大企業互動關係的角度，來去分析1998年之後金大中對大企業的結構改革。本文主要論點認為：南韓自2000年之後經濟發展的成功，主要歸功於金大中的企業改革，這是一項由政府所主導的企業結構改革，這項改革不但改變過去南韓過度集中在大企業的產業結構，也改變大企業內部濃厚的家族持股色彩，同時也改變大企業與政府之間的利益輸送關係。

關鍵字

結構改革 ； 親信主義 ； 南韓 ； 金大中

並列摘要

In the past three years, S. Korea's economy is the most brilliant achievement among the Asian countries. But before seven years, S. Korea is suffered financial crisis and asked for aid to IMF. The goal of this article is to explore why is Kim Dae Jung's reform policy success and Kim Young Sam fail? The article argue that since Kim Dajung became the president of South Korea in February 1998. He proposals two policy agendas: on the one hand, he draws aid from International Monetary Funds to reform South Korea economic structure. On the other hand, he went beyond traditional bureaucratic system and established an independence organization to carry out political reform. concludes that the primary reason of Kim's success is as follow: firstly, he does not go through the traditional bureaucratic channels. Secondly, he is reestablishing the new monitoring system. As a result, Kim's reformation fundamentally reshapes South Korea's political economic institutions established by Park Chung-hee. We are pretty sure that Kim's reformation has achieves signficantly.

並列關鍵字

Structural Reform ； Crony Capitalism ； S. Korea ； Kim Dae-Jung