社運團體的體制內參與及影響－以環評會與婦權會爲例

Social Movement Groups' Participation and Influence in the Policy Making Process: Experiences from the Environmental Impact Assessment Commission and the Commission on Women's Rights Promotion

杜文苓(Wen-Ling Tu) ； 彭渰雯(Yen-Wen Peng)

《臺灣民主季刊》 5卷1期 (2008/03) Pp. 119-148

https://doi.org/10.6448/TDQ.200803.0119

摘要

隨著台灣政治民主化的進程，政府各部門設立愈來愈多的參與式決策機制，讓原本處於體制外的社運團體人士，有了進入體制影響決策的機會。本文從民間角度出發，思考社運人士如何策略地利用此一決策平台，達到「有影響力的參與」。我們檢視第五屆行政院婦權會委員(2005/04-2007/03)及第六屆環評委員(2005/08-2007/07)兩個參與式決策的機制，透過深度訪談、焦點團體座談等質化研究方式，歸納分析在委員會中投入社運網絡運作委員的實戰經驗，反省民間組織與政府在政策議題上的互動模式，進一步架構出社運團體體制內「有影響力參與」的幾項重要條件與策略，包括社運集體進駐、做中學習、與體制內建立制度的堅持。

關鍵字

社會運動 ； 公民社會 ； 參與機制 ； 公私協力 ； 決策過程 ； 課責

並列摘要

Democratization in Taiwan has created political opportunities for social movement groups to be able to participate in the policy making process. This paper, from the perspective of social movement, explores how advocacy organizations utilize opportunities of participation in the government-affiliated participatory machinery to effectively influence policy. Drawing from the experiences of the Fifth Commission on Women’s Rights Promotion (2005/04-2007/03) and the Sixth Environmental Impact Assessment Commission (2005/08-2007/07), both being recognized for highly civic influences on the policy process, this paper examines the strategies used by the civic group commissioners to realize ”influential participation.” The research adopts qualitative research methods, collecting data through interviews, focused group discussions, and participatory observation, to analyze the experiences of social activists in interacting with bureaucrats on environmental and gender policy issues. Through the analysis, we find that collectively networked participation, learning the tips to make policy work from the process, and the institutionalization of the public's right to know and participatory rules are the main strategies for advocacy groups of both commissions to maximize their impacts on the decision making process.

並列關鍵字

social movement ； civil society ； participatory machinery ； public-private collaboration ； policy-making process ； accountability

參考文獻

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荒野快報