若會使用「ている」那麼也就會使用「ていた」了嗎?但其實並非如此,「ていた」有其固有的難度。寺村(1984)提出「ていた」是①某一動作、作用在持續時曾發生過的某事,②表示比過去發生的事更早的事情(以下表示為「一段時間之前的事態」)本稿中將解釋關於「一段時間之前的事態」的「ていた」,在連接子句或句子的連接中的用法。提到比過去的事更早發生的事情時,並不是任何時候都能用「ていた」來表示。要做出正確符合「一段時間之前的事態」的句子,需理解兩點:①「た」與「ている・ていた」的區別。②要具有將「ている」轉換成「一段時間之前」之子句的知識。在使用「一段時間之前的事態」的「ていた」時,必須表示在過去一定時間內的持續。而且用「ていた」表示的繼續狀態與其他子句之間,有時間差,也就是在時間上有間隔的時候比較多。在表示過去持續的一段時間內,完成的一段動作的狀況時,對只有短期性的持續或眼睛能看到的結果等狀態,有時很難表達。對長期性的持續,長期性持續的瞬間動作、作用等有必要以「反復、重復」來表示。另一方面,「ていた」有表示「感知之觀點」的機能(藤城1996)。為了使用結果狀態的「ていた」用這種「感知」的用法,可做出「(意識到的時候/気が付いたら)~ていた(が/から)」這樣很符合事態的句子。
Does being able to use the -teiru clause also mean that the -teita form can be used? What if the -teita clause has its own correct way of usage? This paper describes the use of the previous situation -teita clause.Not every past state existing before the situation expressed in the main clause can be represented by the previous situation -teita clause. To understand this -teita clause usage, we need to first understand the two points of its grammar use: 1) the difference between -ta and -teita and 2) how to use the previous situation -teita clause correctly.The -ta clause expresses the event as a whole, which means when we use -ta we think of the beginning and the end. 0n the other hand, -teiru conveys the thing as a state of being. Therefore -teita has continuous and perfective aspect. This previous situation -teita clause should occur before the main clause, between the two clauses where there is a pause.To describe a state of being with completion, sometimes we need to use a long term state or iterative aspect. There are some action verbs which do not require long time to be carried out, for such verbs, we use iterative or semelfactive aspect to make it a long term continuation.Fujimura (1966) says that -teita has the ability to express a particular point of view. When we use the -teita form to 'notice' in this way, we will then be able to form a wide range of well-formed sentences.