國軍官兵面臨債務清償不能之處理機制－以消費者債務清理條例為研析

The Exploration of Insolvency System Applied to Military Personnel-Focus on Consumer Insolvency Act

張誌善

《國防雜誌》 25卷4期 (2010/08) Pp. 109-124

https://doi.org/10.6326/NDJ.2010.25(4).8

摘要

一、國軍官兵面對債務無力清償問題時，常因不清楚解決方法或以錯誤的態度面對，導致軍法紀案件不斷肇生，不僅斷送個人前途也嚴重斲傷軍譽。雖然國軍為防止類似事件之發生，採取包括開辦緊急紓困貸款在內之各項方案，協助解決官兵債務問題，但面對積欠大筆債務無力清償或有不能清償之虞的官兵，仍然無法協助脫離債務深淵。就此，本文以為，要一次性解決債務問題，並防止因債務問題衍生軍法紀案件，國軍各單位應積極輔導有類此問題之官兵，透過現有債務清理機制，誠實面對解決，以取得重新再生的機會。二、消費者債務清理條例的施行，為原本無法運用既有債務清理機制，解決債務問題的債務人，開啟一扇重生的窗；對於陷入債務困境之債務人而言，在一定的條件下，可以向法院聲請更生或清算，經由一定的法律程序免除債務責任。對於債權人，則可不因債務人之任意清償行為，違背公平受償之原則；從立法意旨觀察，本條例的施行開啟了我國債務清理法制上的契機。

關鍵字

債務清理 ； 協商程序 ； 更生 ； 清算

並列摘要

1. When facing serious problems of debt, many military personnel aren't sure about how to cope with the situation. Consequently, military discipline is affected. Improperly dealing with personal debt not only destroys one's career but tarnishes the military's reputation. Although the Defense Ministry provides emergency loan and other measures to protect debtors in military service, servicemen who are unable to pay off huge debt can't find a way out. To help solve problems of debt and to prevent military law and discipline from being breached by violators, all military units should actively counsel servicemen who have debt problems. Through an active debt-paying mechanism, debtors will have another chance to restart their lives.2. The enforcement of Consumer Insolvency Act(CIA) in order to reopen a new life's door and help debtor to solve heavy debt. In a certain condition, the debtor can apply for reorganization or liquidate. Thus the debtor can take a legal process to solve debt problem but the creditor obtain fair reimbursement. If we carefully observed the legislative purpose, we will understand that the CIA is a milestone in our insolvency system.

並列關鍵字

Insolvency ； negotiation procedure ； reorganization ； liquidate