中共軍隊大軍區正職的編制與晉升模式

The Road to Promotion and Organization for High-Ranking Officers in the Chinese PLA

吳恆宇

《國防雜誌》 25卷5期 (2010/10) Pp. 21-29

https://doi.org/10.6326/NDJ.2010.25(5).3

摘要

1988年中共恢復軍銜制度，在將級軍官方面，設置一級上將、上將、中將、與少將四級。至1994年，在鄧小平主導下，修訂了軍銜條例，將其一級上將軍銜取消，此後中共軍銜最高者為上將這一級。本文是從制度理論面，探討共軍大軍區正職的體制、編制、以及歷次上將晉升的模式。中共從1988年恢復軍銜至今，不定期晉升上將有16次，其中在鄧小平時期，晉升上將1次，有17人；在江澤民執政的13年中，晉升上將8次，達79人；於胡錦濤主掌中央軍委至今的6年中，已晉升上將7次，達33人。長期研究中共的軍銜制度，可探討出共軍大軍區正職幹部的上將晉升體制。在各個不同領導人的掌軍階段裡，是有明顯差異的，而在胡錦濤主掌中央軍委的這個階段，除重視將領的年青化、專業化外，也對複合型人才的拔擢尤為凸顯。

關鍵字

現役軍官軍銜條例 ； 中央軍委 ； 四大總部 ； 屆齡退休

並列摘要

In 1988, the PRC re-instated the Rank system. In the military ranks of Generals, specified 4 categories, namely, General First Class, General, Lieutenant General, and Major General. Until 1994, under the leadership of Deng Xiao Ping, the Rank system was further modified, and the rank of First Class General was subsequently removed. As a result, the rank of General is maintained as the highest achievable rank.The present article discusses from a theoretical viewpoint, the PLA's high rank promotion system, structure and the mode of which a Generalship promotion is obtained. From 1988 onwards, the promotion to Generalship occurred 16 times on an irregular basis. During the leadership of Deng Xiao Ping, this occurred once, with 17 people being promoted; during the leadership of Jiang Zhe Ming, a total of 8 promotions took place, with 79 people promoted; and under the present leadership of Hu Jin Tao, a total of 6 promotional events occurred with 33 people promoted during his 6-year tenure as the head of the Central Military Committee.A long term study of the PRC's Rank system, can reveal a glimpse of the promotional structure with regard to high-ranking officers. The difference is clearly distinguishable under different leaderships, for example, under Hu, a younger and more professionally qualified talent have been more favorable for promotion.

並列關鍵字

Regulations of Active Duty Officers' rank system ； Central Military Committee ； four general headquarters