- 期刊
從「全勝觀」論國軍救災的法制基礎與政策作為
From the Perspective of "Win-All" to Discuss the Institutional Basis of the Armed Forces' Disaster Relief and Policy
摘要
臺灣正處於一個全球暖化與巨災常態化的高災害潛勢地區，使得我們每一個國人的生存環境處處充滿危機、防不勝防，所以需要積極建立「防災重於救災，離災優於防災」的觀念，落實節能減碳政策，才能將各種災害（損）降至最低程度。在「高風險社會」之中，國人除須建立「全勝」思想（勿恃敵之不來，恃吾有以待之）和落實「全勝」作為（料敵從寬、禦敵從嚴）外，更應健全防災應變機制，並有效整合資源、運用資訊，發揮同舟共濟的精神，以確保生命與財產安全。本文主要從中國兵聖孫子的「全勝」思想出發，探討國軍救災在強化法制與落實政策兩方面的策進作為，藉以究明其對當前維護國家安全與保障人民褔祉的重要性。經研究後，筆者特提出下列四點結論：（1）應強化「全軍破敵」決策機制的「異業整合」能力；（2）必須建立一個視防災應變為一項「持續增強」過程的基本觀念；（3）對孫子兵法的「勝戰」與「保法」管理原則應善體斯旨，靈活運用；（4）應以健全「為指而參」的專職與專業功能為基本要件。
並列摘要
Taiwan is situated in an area where occurrence of large-scale disasters becomes regular due to global warming and, in turn, where is regarded as a potentially catastrophic geological location. This makes people in Taiwan feel their living environment full of crisis, difficult to prevent from happening. In this regard, to build the concept of ”prevention of disaster is better than action of rescue” and to fulfill the carbon reduction policy is key to minimizing the levels of all sorts of disasters.In this ”high-risk” society, people in Taiwan must construct the concept of ”win-all,” an idea extracted from Sun Tzu's ”the Art of War,” and fulfill the concept through action. In addition, the government should elaborate the disaster-response mechanism by integrating resources, utilizing information, and developing the spirit of team-work, so as to secure lives and properties.On the basis of maintaining national security and people's welfare, four major points comprise the conclusion. First of all, the capability of ”interoperability” in the decision-making mechanism should be elevated; second, the basic concept in which disaster relief should be regarded as increasingly continuous efforts should be established; third, the management principle of ”win war” and ”secure laws” obtained from Sun Tzu should be adopted with flexibility; and finally, the basic component of the professional function with regard to ”staffing to serve commanding” should be well-established.