美「中」在南海海域競逐之研究

The Study of Competition between Mainland China and U.S. in the South China Sea

黃一哲(Yi-Che Huang)

《國防雜誌》 27卷1期 (2012/01) Pp. 3-17

https://doi.org/10.6326/NDJ.2012.27(1).1

摘要

一、中國大陸與東南亞各國之間的領土爭端主要在於南海海域，東南亞各國採取避險（hedge）策略，一方面以雙邊或多邊的方式與中國大陸打交道，但同時致力確保區域以外的勢力持續發揮作用，以制衡中國大陸逐漸崛起的勢力，維持勢力均衡的關鍵在於美國。二、我國在南海海域仍擁有太平島，加強在此一海域的執法行為，包括護漁作業、維護漁業資源、維持海道通航秩序等，並鼓勵在此進行相關學術研究，以避免未來在主權維護方面失去立場。三、南沙群島之爭是歷史因素使然，也是當今能源開發的關鍵；就區域安全而言，周邊國家以實現現實主義為藍本，亦為強權競逐的戰場；就兩岸關係而言，應加強對話及保持相互尊重的態勢，促進整合機制並跨越內部分歧，以有助參與相關政策之制定。

關鍵字

南海海域 ； 美國 ； 中國大陸 ； 現實主義 ； 兩岸關係

並列摘要

1. The territorial disputes between Mainland China and Southeast Asian countries are mainly in the South China Sea, Southeast Asian countries take hedge strategy. They maintain on the one hand to engage with the Mainland China, on the other hand they balance the forces of the gradual rising of Mainland China. The key to maintain the balance of power is United States.2. The R.O.C. still has Itu Aba island in the South China Sea, we need to strengthen law enforcement of this region, including fishing protection, maintenance of fisheries resources, SLOC order, and encourage academic research, in order to avoid losing future sovereign maintenance stand.3. Spratly Islands dispute is the historical factor, the key is the development of energy. On regional security dimension, the neighboring countries take realism model to become a competing battlefield; On the cross-strait relations dimension, we should strengthen dialogue and maintain the momentum of mutual respect, and promote the mechanism of integration across the internal divisions and facilitate participation of relevant policy making.

並列關鍵字

South China Sea ； the United States ； the Mainland China ； Realism ； the Cross-Strait Relationship