析論《孫子兵法》中之「全為上」：理性研究途徑

《孫子兵法》第三篇中主張「全國、全軍、全旅、全卒與全伍」等為「上」。孫子強調「必以全爭於天下，故兵不頓而利可全」。至於「全國」等，究係保全敵方，或是保全我方，甚至是保全雙方，自古至今各家解釋不一。本文以為「全」在於維持敵方完整，如此方能在「不戰而屈人之兵」後，確保「利可全」。孫子此議，則等同經濟學中以理性來追求最大利益的策略。

關鍵字

全；利；理性；極大化

並列摘要

As Sun Tzu asserts in his book titled The Art of War, ”it says” ”In the practical art of war, the best thing of all is to take the enemy's country whole and inact; to shatter and destroy it is not so profitable. So, too, it is better to capture an army entire than to destroy it, to capture a regiment a detachment or a company entire than to annihilate them.” Sun also concludes that a commander should fight with wholeness and intactness in his mind to prevent his troops from casualties and to keep his interest whole and intact. However, who is the one to be kept whole and intact? Enemy, his own troops, or both? This article will provide a modern perspective on this issue via a rational approach, which is frequently used in economics and Game Theory to justify the standpoint that the one who should be kept whole and intact is the enemy.

並列關鍵字

Whole and intact ； Interest ； Rationality ； Maximization

國際替代計量

析論《孫子兵法》中之「全為上」：理性研究途徑

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