從盧梭政治共同體探析公民與軍隊的關係

On the Relationship between Citizen and Military: the Perspective of Rousseau's Political Community

葉明叡(Ming-Jui Yeh)

《國防雜誌》 32卷4期 (2017/12) Pp. 111-128

https://doi.org/10.6326/NDJ.2017.32(4).5

摘要

近年中共快速崛起，與我實力不對等日增。在國際上，為了廣大的市場利益，越來越多國家被迫修正其自由民主政治原則而向中共妥協。於此情勢下，我政治作戰更應受重視。本文藉由考察盧梭之理論，分析公民、軍隊與政治共同體之關係，並提出對於兩項軍事政策的個案研討。本文主張，符合普遍意志要求之兵役制度才可被合理證成；而自由民主之普世價值，以及從生活經驗產生之特殊共和認同二者，則為公民愛國教育之內涵精義，全民國防教育可依此方向繼續發展，維繫我國憲法及自由、平等之公民關係。

關鍵字

政治思想 ； 普遍意志 ； 普世價值 ； 共和認同 ； 愛國情感

並列摘要

As the power of the PRC has increased in recent years, the balance of overall national power between Taiwan and China becomes more asymmetry. More and more countries are forced to compromised their liberal democratic political principles for the sake of China's huge market. Under these circumstances, the importance of political warfare must be emphasized. Through an investigation of Rousseau's classic texts, this paper clarifies the relationship between citizen, military, and political community, and also presents two case studies on military policies. The study argues that it is necessary for the conscript military service system to suffice the requirement of the general will for it to be reasonably justified. It is further argued that both the universal values of liberal democracy and the particular republic identity based on our living experiences are the essential contents of the civic patriotism education. The future development of All-Out Defense Education in Taiwan could be geared toward these direction to protect the Constitution, liberty and equality.

並列關鍵字

Political Civil Thought ； General Will ； Universal Values ； Republic Identity ； Love of Fatherland