解構與建構中華民國與美國的戰略體系

Deconstructing and Constructing the Strategic System of the Republic of China and United States

常漢青(Han-Ching Chan)

《國防雜誌》 35卷2期 (2020/06) Pp. 1-22

https://doi.org/10.6326/NDJ.202006_35(2).0001

摘要

我國的國家戰略體系基本上源自於二戰後，美國1986年的《高尼法案》通過前的美國戰略體系概念，並因應我國戰略構想，依據我國國防部頒發的《國軍統帥綱領》及《國軍軍事戰略要綱》律定我國戰略體系架構，由上而下分別為「國家戰略」、「軍事戰略」、「軍種戰略」及「野戰戰略」四大項。2002年7月公布的《中華民國九十一年國防報告書》提出了「國家安全戰略」、「國家安全政策」、「國防政策」及「軍事戰略」概念與體系。依此，透過美國1986年後的戰略體系架構為例，探討我國國家的戰略體系架構，主張依據我國行政組織架構，行政院院長應納入國家戰略體系架構內，負責國防戰略與國防政策的制定。

關鍵字

戰略體系 ； 國家戰略 ； 國家安全戰略 ； 國防戰略 ； 軍事戰略

並列摘要

The national strategic system of the Republic of China (ROC) could be similar to the legacy of the American strategic system before the approval of the ＂Goldwater-Nichols Act Department of Defense Reorganization Act of 1986＂ after World War II. According to the ROC national strategic concept, ＂the Guidance from the Chief of National Armed Forces Commander＂ and ＂the Military Strategic Outline＂ issued by the Ministry of Defense, these documents pointed out that the national strategic system is based on the four-layer structure: namely the ＂National Strategy,＂ ＂Military Strategy,＂ ＂Services Strategy＂ and ＂Field Strategy.＂The ＂National Defense Report of the Republic of China＂ published in July 2002, also sets out the hierarchy of national strategy as the ＂National Security Strategy,＂ ＂National Security Policy,＂＂National Defense Policy＂ and ＂Military Strategy.＂When comparing with the strategic system framework of the United States after 1986, some future improvements can be identified to improve our national strategic structure. According to the design of our national administrative organization, the premier of the Executive Yuan should be included in the strategic system structure and be responsible for the formulation of national defense strategy and national defense policy.

並列關鍵字

Strategic System ； National Strategy ； National Security Strategy ； National Defense Strategy ； Military Strategy