為暸解台灣地區醫學中心及區域醫院院內感染之概況,疾病管制局因而收集了台灣各醫學中心及區域醫院1999至2002年之院內感染年報表,加以資料匯整及統計分析。結果醫學中心之全院總感染密度平均為4.2‰,區域醫院則為3.4‰; 加護病房之總感染密度在醫學中心平均為15‰,在區域醫院也是15‰。而全院常見感染部位之分佈在醫學中心以泌尿道感染為最常見(約佔34%),其次依序為血流感染、外科手術部位感染及呼吸道感染;在區域醫院也是以泌尿道感染最為常見,其次則依序為呼吸道感染、血流感染及外科手術部位感染。至於加護病房之常見感染部位在醫學中心於1999年及2001年以血流感染最為常見,於2000年及2002年則以泌尿道感染最為常見;在區域醫院則以呼吸道感染最為常見。全院常見的院內感染致病菌在醫學中心連續四個年度都是以Staphylococcus aureus排名第一,其次為E. coli,再其次為Pseudomonas aeruginosa 或Candida spp.;在區域醫院於1999年及2000年以P. aeruginosa最為常見,於2001年及2002年則以S. aureus 排名第一。由此首次匯集台灣多家醫學中心及區域醫院院內感染資料所得之統計分析結果,可以提供給大家初步暸解台灣地區近年來之院感染概況。
We collected and analyzed data from the annual nosocomial infection surveillance reports from all medical centers and regional hospitals in Taiwan between 1999 and 2002. The mean hospital-wide nosocomial infection density was 4.2‰ (4.2 episodes per 1,000 patient-days) for medical centers (17 general hospitals with more than 1,000 beds.), and 3.4‰ for regional hospitals (63 general hospitals with bed numbers ranging between 250-1,000.). The mean infection density in intensive care units (ICU) was 15‰ for both. The most common infection site in medical centers was urinary tract, followed by the blood stream, surgical sites, and the respiratory tract. In the regional hospitals, the order of frequency was: urinary tract, respiratory tract, blood stream, and surgical sites, In ICUs of medical centers, the most frequent infection site was either blood stream or urinary tract in different years. In the ICU of regional hospitals, the most frequent infection site was respiratory tract. The most common pathogen in medical centers was Staphylococcus aureus followed by Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, or Candida spp; while it was either P. aeruginosa or S. aureus in the regional hospitals. These data derived from reports of all hospitals in these categories and would be the most representative in Taiwan.