A Study on the Representation of the Romance of the Western Chamber in Chinese Painting

Wen-Chin Hsu

《真理大學人文學報》 3期 (2005/03) Pp. 197-242

https://doi.org/10.29962/TOJA.200503.0010

摘要

這篇論文研究中國文學名著西廂記在繪畫上的表現形式和發展情況，以它做為例子了解通俗文學題材的作品在中國繪畫史的角色。探討的過程中發現西廂記題材繪畫的表現形式大約依據文學體裁的演變而發展。西廂記文體由唐朝的文言小說，發展為宋朝的說書話本，最後才寫成元朝的戲曲形式。繪畫表現則相對的由肖像章，發展至單幅繪畫再演變成連環圖畫的形式。論文中除了文獻之外，瓷器以及相關的版畫作品，也加以檢驗，作為研究以及對比的參考，以補充繪畫資料的不足之處。唐、宋時期的說書人表演時，現場經常展現圖畫，以助觀眾了解，並增加興趣。這種傳統可能是西廂記以及其它通俗文學題材繪畫的起源。明朝的時後有多位著名畫家描繪西廂記的故事或人物，其畫風影響到當時盛行的版畫插圖。相反的，到了清朝，反倒是繪畫的風結受到版畫的影響。由此也可以窺知歷史上中國雅、俗文化的互動、演繹以及變遷的情形。

關鍵字

俗文學 ； 肖像畫 ； 美女圖 ； 文學插圖

並列摘要

This thesis studies the representation of The Romance of the Western Chamber in painting. In the process of examination, a close relationship and parallel development between the different forms of literary writing from which the play was originated, and changing methods of representation in visual art was discerned. In literature, this story was originated from the fiction written in prose form in the Tang dynasty, developed into texts for story telling in the Song dynasty, and finalized in dramatic form in the Yuan dynasty. In comparison, the earliest subject for the representation of this story in painting is the portrait of Yingying. This painting can be dated as early as the Song dynasty, and has been copied, with variations, by many well-known painters of the later dynasties. Also, in the Song dynasty, paintings illustrating the text of this story came into existence. In the Yuan dynasty, the serializing method of illustration became popular and is still practiced today. It is believed that the ancient custom of using paintings in the ceremony of narrating popular stories to the public is the origin of the representation of this story in paintings. During the Ming dynasty, several celebrated painters executed paintings on this subject. Styles of their painting have influenced the woodblock print illustrations of this drama. On the contrary, in the Qing dynasty the opposite was true, paintings were influenced by the woodblock prints of the same subject. This phenomenon demonstrates the mutual influence and interaction between highbrow and lowbrow culture through Chinese history.

並列關鍵字

Popular literature ； Portrait Painting ； Meinyutu ； Text Illustration