美國臺灣移民的經濟發展析探

Analysis of the Economic Development of Taiwan Immigrants in America

李巧雯(Chiao-Wen Lee)

《興大人文學報》 42期 (2009/03) Pp. 95-141

https://doi.org/10.30092/JHCLANCHU.200903.0004

摘要

二次大戰以後，1965年美國新移民法公布，一反過去對亞洲移民的國家配額制度，強調家庭團聚和美國勞力市場需求；致使1960-70年代，大批來自亞太地區，具有較高教育水平和經濟能力的新移民湧入，改變美國華人聚居模式、職業結構及經濟發展。以留學生和投資移民身份赴美的臺灣移民，攜帶資金和運用專業才能，赴美置產與創業，讓美國華人產業更趨多元化發展。臺灣移民產業從華裔經濟領域擴展到美國主流經濟領域，利用海外華人人際關係網絡，如親友、同鄉會、校友會及專業性社團，協助其資金、技術及人員的聯繫，使其在金融、房地產、旅館、高科技及生化產業方面得以成功創業與發展。此後，臺灣移民產業進行產業間的策略結盟與跨國合作，並從中小企業轉型爲跨國集團，更在企業有成之後回饋臺灣社會，移植在美國技術研發和經營管理的經驗，連結起美國、臺灣及中國三地的科技產業聚落，締造臺灣新經濟產業的國際化發展。

關鍵字

美國華人 ； 新移民 ； 華人經濟 ； 臺灣移民產業 ； 跨國企業 ； 華人人際關係網絡

並列摘要

After World War Ⅱ, the announcement of the America's New Immigrant Law in 1965, changed the national quota system of Asian immigrants, and emphasized family reunion and the demand of the American labor market. Between the 1960 to 70, it resulted in the arrival of many new immigrants from the Asia-Pacific area who had better education levels and a higher level of income and transformed the American-Chinese enclave style, the composition of occupations, and economic development. Taiwanese immigrants, who were students abroad and industrialist immigrants, entered America. They had capital and used their specialized talents in America to buy real estate and found industries, and urged American Chinese enterprises to diversify development. Using the Chinese economic field to expansion into the American mainstream economic field, Taiwan immigrant industries used an overseas Chinese interpersonal relationship network, which, for example, contained relatives and friends, native associations, alumni associations, and professional societies, and assisted them with funds, skills, and personnel, so they could venture and develop successfully in the fields of finance, real estate, hotels, and high-tech and biochemistry industries. Taiwan immigrant industries proceeded industries in tactically relationship and transnational cooperation; thereafter, transforming small and medium enterprises into multinational corporations. They contributed to Taiwan society after they succeeded and transplanted their experience to technique of study and development in America, thus linking the science and technology industries clustered in America, Taiwan, and China, and therefore advanced the international development of Taiwan's new economy.

並列關鍵字

American Chinese ； New Immigrants ； Chinese Economic ； Taiwan Immigrant Industry ； Transnational Enterprise ； Chinese Interpersonal Relationships Network

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