學校組織流程再造評估指標之研究

The Evaluation Indices for Process Reengineering of School's Organization

邱朝遠(Chaw-Yen Chiu) ； 李珠華(Chu-Hua Lee)

《華人經濟研究》 12卷1期 (2014/03) Pp. 1-20

摘要

隨著時代科技的進步及社會的變遷，再加上學校組織是根據功能性設立組織結構（包括教務、總務、會計、以及學務等），導致行政組織在溝通與協調效率下降，使得行政效率受到莫大的威脅。因此，跨部門的作業流程和功能性作業之整合成為探討提升學校組織行政效率的重要課題，其中主管及專業機構常抱怨行政人員效率不彰，其原因在於它捫沒有適當的作業流程管理能力和對作業流程的關注不足，以致於沒有完善的作業流程來提升學校的行政效率。導入新觀念與方法於學校組織的作業流程，其目的是要將學校組織跨越部門並整合工作流程，組織內部人員在權限下由即時得知各部門之相關訊息，由於資訊透明化與即時化，使得學校組織能即時反應將所有資訊作為決策資訊，因此主管就可以即時監控並支援學校組織各項管理關鍵決策，以達到學校組織全面性的整體規劃、快速應變社會變遷與提升學校競爭力的綜合效果。因此，本文主要研究重點在於導入新觀念方法於學校組織工作流程，並建構學校組織工作流程評估程序與標準，來做為提升學校組織行政效率之參考依據。本文的主要贡獻有：1.此觀念化模式是有理論基礎的，它提供各級行政人員對學校行政組織之流程再造有深刻了解，以利學校行政組織流程再造之設計；2.提出新觀念化模式，以縮短工作流程模式可作為對學校行政組織所建立之工作流程的評估方案平台；最後，本文建構縮短工作流程模式的評估標準有：（1）轉換於外部的個人工作範圍是不存在的；（2）分配次工作範圍層級定義＋責任和一組次工作範圍層級的結合；（3）增加同一層級變數價值；（4）定義每一個人工作範圍層級之責任；（5）僅經由責任之履行來執行已分配工作範圍之移轉；（6）經由責任定義僅對同一性質加入執行的限制條件；（7）個人工作流程模式包括同一本質加入內部本質；（8）層級目標的確認；（9）將有關外部事件的定義包含於責任定義中；（10）為個人工作流程存在著有效性標準；以及（11）針對每一個次工作範圍的層級，必須至少包括一項責任條件。

關鍵字

縮短工作流程模式 ； 流程 ； 工作流程 ； 新觀念模式 ； 學校組織

並列摘要

With the technological advances and the change in society, along with the fact that school organization is function-based (including academic, general affairs, accounting, and student affairs), administrative efficiency is faced with a great threat in decreased communication and coordination efficiency. Therefore, cross-departmental operation process and functional integration become important topics in discussions of increasing a school's organizational administrative efficiency. Among the reasons that executives and professional departments complain about administrative staff's low efficiency, there is a lack of proper management and care for operation process such that there is no adequate operation process to increase the school's administrative efficiency.The purpose of introducing new organizational process method and concept is to create a cross-department organization while integrating work flow. Staff within the organization will have direct access to relevant information about each department based on various credentials. Due to the immediate and transparent nature of the information, executive members can immediately make strategic decision to achieve the complete planning of the school organization to quickly adapt to social changes and elevating school's competitiveness. As a result, the focus of this study will be on the introduction of new operation process concept for school organizations while establishing a standard for work flow evaluation as a reference for increasing administrative efficiency in school organizations.This study uses qualitative research to explore the applicability of introduction of new concept on school organization's operation process and to establish a work flow and evaluation standards. The main contributions of this study include: 1. This concept has theoretical foundation. It provides a deep understanding of organizational work flow for administrative staff at each level and proves to be useful in its design. 2. The new conceptual model introduced in this study-contract workflow model-can be used as a platform for creating operation process for a school organization.Finally, the evaluation standards for contract workflow model include: 1. Non existence of transformations outside of private domains; 2. Shared sub-domain state definition and association between obligations and sets of shared sub-domains state; 3. Partners' access to mutual state variable values; 4. Difinition of obligations for each shared sub-domain state; 5. Shared domain state transition only through obligations fulfillment; 6. Run-time constraints imposed only on mutual properties through obligation definition; 7. Private process model includes mutual properties in addition to intrinsic ones; 8. Goal state identification; 9. Inclusion of the relevant external event in the obligation definition; 10. Existence of a validity criteria for the private process; and 11. For each state of shared sub-domain, there must be at least one obligation associated with it.

並列關鍵字

Contract Workflow Model ； Process ； Operation Process ； New Concept Model ； School Organization