垃圾焚化飛灰摻入混凝土之研究

國人隨著物質生活進步，造成垃圾量持續增長。目前國內之垃圾處理方式為焚化，而焚燒後所產生之飛灰若可回收再利用，將可以達到環保與廢棄物再利用之目的。本研究係針對焚化飛灰取代水泥，添加於水泥砂漿及混凝土中進行相關試驗，期能促使環境資源永續發展。首先就焚化飛灰進行材料特性分析，再以替代水泥方式應用於混凝土中進行抗壓強度試驗之研究探討外，其他特性如抵抗海水侵蝕，抵抗硫酸鹽侵蝕及抗酸蝕也作深入的探討。另外對於焚化飛灰在混凝土中，重金屬的溶出量對環境造成的影響進行評估。研究結果顯示，焚化飛灰最佳替代水泥量約為5%，其中B廠之焚化飛灰摻入混凝土中，當水膠比為0.44時，其中長期的抗壓強度的約可提高20%，且具有抗酸蝕能力，對混凝土的耐久性亦有正面的影響。添加焚化飛灰之水泥砂漿經硫酸鈉乾溼循環浸泡後，其抗壓強度折減率以10%最低，顯示焚化飛灰取代水泥量10%為最佳抗硫酸塩量。另外由TCLP分析結果顯示，焚化飛灰混凝土中重金屬的溶出量均低於法規標準值。

關鍵字

抗壓強度；耐久性；抗海水侵蝕；抗硫酸鹽侵蝕；毒性析出試驗TCLP

並列摘要

The study evaluated the possibility application on using a MSWI fly ash as cement in concrete. The MSWI fly ash was obtained from MSWI. We expect to develop a MSWI fly ash concrete and to urge the environment resources to continue forever. Therefore, the procedure for this study is as the following: First, the basic physical and chemical properties of MSWI fly ash were studied and analyzed. Second, the durability of concrete was examined on the effects of various MSWI fly ash replacements on the compression strength, on the resistance of seawater attack, on the resistance of sulfate attack, on the resistance of acid attack. Finally, the effectiveness of extraction of heavy metals in MSWI fly ash concrete on the impact on environment is investigated. The results show that the strength of compression at long term was increased 20% at 5% replacement MSWI fly ash. The results also indicated the improvement of the resistant of acid corrosion and duration. The additive of MSWI fly ash at 10% shows that a minimum reduction of strength in Na2SO4 dry-wet recirculation testing. The results of TCLP analysis show that the amount of exudation of heavy metal in concrete was decreasing as the curing time of the concrete increases, which values was lower the minimum value of standard's requirements.