澳大利亞身心障礙者福利服務與健康照護概況分析

A Brief Introduction of the Current Health and Welfare Services for People with Disabilities in Australia

林金定(Jin-Ding Lin)

《身心障礙研究季刊》 5卷2期 (2007/06) Pp. 121-135

https://doi.org/10.30072/JDR.200706.0004

摘要

澳大利亞政府每兩年會由「澳大利亞健康與福利研究中心」(Australian Institute of Health and Welfare)定期出版「澳大利亞健康」(Australian Health)與「澳大利亞福利」(Australian Welfare)雙年報，這兩本刊物內容皆有「身心障礙」專章，詳述政府對身心障礙者的醫療衛生與社會福利服務概況與成果，以闡明政府對身心障礙者的權益保障與重視。本章節主要分析澳大利亞政府在身心障礙醫療照護體系與社會福利服務概況與面臨挑戰，以及對台灣身心障礙醫療衛生服務政策的啟示。澳大利亞目前已經按照世界衛生組織於2001年發展的國際功能與身心障礙分類標準，進行國內疾病或健康不良因素而產生身心障礙的狀況分析，能有效的掌握民眾的日常生活功能障礙，進而研擬醫療照護政策。此外他們也極力注意老化產生的身心障礙，本土原住民、青少年身心障礙分布與利用福利服務概況作深入分析。此外，澳大利亞務實的醫療照護政策，有效的結合中央與地方夥伴關係診斷身心障礙者的醫療照護問題，透過召開「全國健康論壇」會議凝聚共識，提出未來身心障礙者健康照護政策方向，基層醫療照護的守門員「家庭醫學會」也呼籲必須採取有效的策略來促進與保障身心障礙者的醫療照護權益，這些都是國內可以學習的地方。

關鍵字

身心障礙者 ； 社會福利 ； 健康政策 ； 澳大利亞

並列摘要

Disability services in Australia are delivered under Commonwealth State/Territory Disability Agreement. The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare will publish biennial report of Australian Health and Australian Welfare to illustrate the health and welfare services for general population and people with disabilities to the public. It is estimated that some form of disability affects one in five Australians. The purpose of the present paper is to exam the current health and welfare services for people with disabilities in Australia, to give practical suggestions to Taiwan authorities. The results show that the Australians has adopted ICF system in disability classification and conducted Disability Forum in 2004 to initiate the disability program for people with disabilities. The forum identified a range of issues can be a model of Taiwan to enforce the health and welfare for people with disabilities.

並列關鍵字

Australia ； health care ； people with disabilities ； welfare service

參考文獻

Australian Bureau of Statistics(2004).Australia: Summary of Findings.Canberra:ABS.

Australian Institute of Health and Welfare(2003).Disability Series. AIHW Cat.Canberra:AIKW.

Australian Institute of Health and Welfare(2006).Bulletin, 42. AIHW. Cat.Canberra:AIKW.

Australian Institute of Health and Welfare(2006).Disability Series. Cat.Canberra:AIKW.

Australian Institute of Health and Welfare(2006).AIHW Cat.Canberra:AIKW.