教保員對智能障礙者口腔健康促進宣導計劃之認知分析

Perception of Institutional Caregivers on Dental Health Plan for People with Intellectual Disabilities

許秀月(Hshiu-Yuen Hsu) ； 趙鍾華(Chung-Hua Chao) ； 陳俊雄(Chun-Shyong Chen) ； 陳光琛(Guang-Chen Chen) ； 顏榮俊(Jung-Chung Yen)

《身心障礙研究季刊》 5卷4期 (2007/12) Pp. 271-277

https://doi.org/10.30072/JDR.200712.0004

摘要

目的：近年來，台灣在牙醫師全國聯合會推廣身心障礙者口腔保健計劃之下，使得全國開始關切身心障礙者口腔衛生問題。特別是智能障礙者，由於其心智發展及適應能力限制，口腔衛生較一般人為差，其就醫之配合度也顯現困難，照顧者又普遍對口腔保健認識不足，因此整體而言，智能障礙者的口腔保健非常困難。本文主要目的為分析身心障礙福利機構教保員對智能障礙者口腔健康促進宣導計劃之認知，以作為未來如何提供照顧者解決口腔照顧問題的參考。方法：本宣導計劃主要對象為財團法人彰化縣私立基督教喜樂保育院收容個案共235位及65位教保員，一同推動智能障礙個案的口腔衛生及訓練。主要資料收集以任職於該機構65位教保員為研究對象，以結構式問卷方式在宣導計劃推動前、後針對研究對象對於宣導計劃的認知進行資料收集，問卷回收情行前測回收55份，後測及回收50份。結果：教保員在機構舉辦潔牙活動後了解正確的刷牙方法（貝式刷牙法），從38%提高至80%（清潔度），其所照顧的個案口腔衛生問題（刷牙流血），從74%降至44%；狀況良好的從11%提高至50%；狀況不好的從15%降至6%；機構口腔保健專業資源的提供，從31%提高至66%，教保員對於身心障礙者口腔潔牙照顧的困難度，潔牙活動前為33%，潔牙活動後降為24%，教保員對於口腔保健知識的需求，在潔牙活動前占63%，潔牙活動後占53%。結論：介入宣導方案結果，對於教保員有助於口腔專業知能的提升，及降低照顧上的困難度，機構應持續推展口腔保健業務，以促進身心障礙者口腔健康。

關鍵字

智能障礙者 ； 口腔健康促進 ； 教保員 ； 認知分析

並列摘要

Objective Recently, Taiwan began to pay much attention to dental health of people with disabilities under the dental care plan promoted by Taiwan Dental Association. Especially for people with intellectual disabilities, due to limited intellectual development and adaptation, their dental health is poorer than general people, and adaptability to hospitalization is difficult and attendants are normally deficient in common sense of dental care, therefore dental care of people with intellectual disabilities is hardly achieved on the whole. This paper aims to analyze the perception of institutional caregivers on dental health plan for people with disabilities for future reference to help attendants solve dental care problems. Methods Main subjects of the plan include 235 occupants and 65 caregivers totally in the Private Happy Christian Homes of Changhua County, and they worked together to promote the dental health and trainings for people with intellectual disabilities. Data were mainly collected from 65 caregivers working at the institute as research subjects in the means of structured questionnaire before and after the plan to observe their perception of the plan. Totally 55 pre-test and 50 post-test questionnaires were collected. Results Occupants' cleanliness increased from 38% to 80% and their incidence of dental health problems (bleeding when brushing teeth) decreased from 74% to 44% when caregivers had good knowledge of correct teeth brushing method after teaching activities held by the institute; those with good performance rose from 11% to 50%; those with bad performance dropped from 15% to 6%; specialized resources for dental care increased from 31% to 66% in the institute, and the difficulty that caregivers help teeth brushing from pre-activities 33% to post-activities 24% as well as the demand of dental care knowledge from pre-activities 63% to post-activities 53%. Conclusions The plan resulted in the improvement of caregivers on professional skills of dental health, decreasing the attendance difficulty, so the institute should keep sustainable promotion of dental care business to enhance the dental health of people with disabilities.

並列關鍵字

Caregivers ； dental health promotion ； people with intellectual disabilities ； perception analysis

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