精神疾病患者道德生涯現象：個案研究

背景與目的：本文以「個案研究」探討精神分裂症（思覺失調症）「住院病人」的道德處境，以深入理解精神疾病患者的存在意義。方法：深度訪談一位罹病4年餘的46歲男性（簡稱B）精神分裂症（思覺失調症）病患，深受妄想症狀影響，而後以詮釋現象心理學分析訪談資料。結果：B的罹病經驗呈現（1）『「食物界線的社會分類秩序」診斷為「自我異常」的疑惑感』、（2）『經由「遠距關係」感通以化解「在世災難」』、（3）『對過世母親性「認同」以寬解受苦』、（4）『「人我關係匱乏」和「照顧倫理」行動之間』等處境現象。結論：精神病患的道德生涯，是一種尋找「位子」的過程。從「失位」、「錯位」、「位移」到「在位」的置身結構，顯示症狀的創真行動，是一種再建構的歷程，而非僅是心理病理的意涵。

關鍵字

位子；道德；精神病

並列摘要

Background and objectives: This study was to explore the existential situation of moral career through the case study, and to promote understanding of the schizophrenic's psychological experience. Methods: In-depth interview with a 46-year old male, who had affected more than 4 years (Called B) psychiatric experiences, deeply suffered with paranoid symptoms, was conducted. After data collection, we interpreted data using qualitative method which was grounded in phenomenological psychology. Results: B was infected experience rendering 'food boundaries of social classification order' mistaken with the psychopathology diagnosis. B faced the institutional hospital life still instill a sense of hope in the real order. What the reality is understood beyond the positivism paradigm. It is shown the mode of being in the unique way. Conclusion: The moral career of mental disorder patient was found to search for the 'place'. From 'displace' and 'out of place' to 'em-place' in the situated structure, it is revealed the repetitive symptom is meant the creative action and construction process rather psychopathological meaning.