法國民事第三人撤銷訴訟－要件及訴訟利益

Third-Person Opposition Proceeding in French Civil Procedure Law: Conditions and Interests of Litigation

黃源浩(Huang, Yuan-Hao)

《輔仁法學》 54期 (2017/12) Pp. 105-188

摘要

法國民事訴訟法典第582條以下有關第三人撤銷訴訟的規定，不僅在比較法制中一向堪稱為法國民事程序法中重要之特色，同時亦在近年我國民事訴訟學理與實務界，引發多方矚目。原因無他，乃在於我國民事訴訟法第507條之1之規定，在若干論述中被認為與法國第三人撤銷訴訟有一定程度之相似性，並足以使得裁判之既判力在一定範圍之內受到限縮。然則，這一制度從引入我國法制以來，其制度目的以及必要性等面向上，一直存在著諸多爭議，而國內相關文獻又多半由德、日等國文獻探究介紹此一法國制度，似乎不易解釋這個在法國法上綿延發展長達二百年的制度，究竟有何等實用價值。本文乃以法國民事法院之判決出發，整理學說及實務發展之歷程，特別著重在論理上引起諸多討論的撤銷客體以及訴訟利益問題。並在文末特別附錄法國最新版本之民事訴訟法典相關規定譯文，希望能提供國內學者討論相關問題時的參考基礎。

關鍵字

第三人撤銷訴訟 ； 既判力 ； 民事訴訟 ； 法國法 ； 訴之利益 ； 當事人適格 ； 防禦權

並列摘要

The Third-Person Opposition proceeding based on the article 582 and unders of french civil procedure code, has been given an important character in the system of french civil process from the vue of comparative law. Indeed, this kind of litigation has also been disscuted in our civil procedures system. The reason of such a discussion comes from the instaullation of article 507-1 and unders of ROC Civil Procedure Code. Thus, since the introduction of Third-Person Opposition in Taiwan's legal system, its purpose and necessity of such a system, has been a lot of controversy in the practice of Taiwanaese civil procedure law. Since most elements of civil procedure has been influenced by but th system of Germany’s and Japan’s civile procedures, it seems somewhat difficult to explain how the french-style element can be used in our civil system. And the frence Third-Opposition Proceeding itself, up to two hundred years of system development , how and what’s the practical value can be learned by our juristes? This paper denominated in French civil court judgment of departure, finishing the course theory and practice of development, with particular emphasis on the object causing the problem and the interests of revocation proceedings much discussion in the reasoning. Appendix a part of Code of Civil Procedure from french law, and in particular the French translation of the relevant provisions of the latest version of the text at the end, hoping to provide a reference basis for Taiwanese scholars to discuss issues related to the time.

並列關鍵字

The Thire-party Opposition ； Res Judicata ； Civil Litigation ； French Law ； Interest of Litigation ； Quality of Party ； Rights of Defense

參考文獻

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