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以風險評估爲基礎及以社區取向基層醫療之問題特徵基模爲策略的健康管理計畫-以某社區醫療群處理代謝症候群爲例

Health Management Plan Based on Risk Assessment and COPC Problem Characteristic Schema

摘要


近年來逐步推展以社區爲基礎的家庭醫師整合性照護制度,在社區醫療群的架構下,除常見疾病的第一線醫療照護外,也要強調疫苗注射、促進健康行爲、化學預防與定期篩檢等預防保健工作,甚至對於慢性病患更望能提供平時持續的疾病管理。家庭醫師在提供這些個人化的服務時,須以家庭爲脈絡、社區為範疇,進行全人照護。 本文爲台北市某社區醫療群,自2003年底起嘗試進行「以群體爲基礎的健康管理計畫」(population-based health management plan),以成人健康檢查發現之代謝症候群個案,依照逐步縮小人口群的切劃策略,藉由心血管風險程度決定預防保健與疾病診斷治療之處理流程,希望以涵蓋預防保健及疾病管理之健康風險管理模式達成前述之使命。這個試驗性的照護模式之目的,在於嘗試突破目前預防保健與慢性病照護的一些困局,以社區生活圈內相互結合的醫療機構團隊(醫療群),將照護對象由個人擴及群體,並強調預防照護與疾病管理的平衡供給,提高照護品質以調節醫療過度需求,達到總額制度下的合理酬支。此外,並希望在醫療群建立相互合作的學習型組織模式,有機會能成功地通過考驗,能實現一些具體步驟,將來可推廣應用在其他基層醫療團隊,並能以提昇照護品質为爭取合理健保支付之具體變革。

關鍵字

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並列摘要


Some local general practitioners began to innovate a health management program to support medical care in the patients with metabolic syndrome, and related morbidities such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes etc. By using standard working process, cases are first identified by screening adults above 40 years old who meet the criteria of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting sugar, HDL cholesterol and triglyceride. Secondly, the subpopulations are stratified via COPC problem characteristic schema, diseases status and estimated 10-year cardiac event probability, smoking habit, overweight and physical inactivity. Finally, the program will assist the primary practitioners in scheduling follow-up appointments, arranging stepwise educational activities so as to diagnose and treat patients more effectively and thoroughly to reduce the risk of developing more serious complications.

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