父母親對子女肥胖之影響

The Relationship between Parental Obesity and Child Obesity

鄒孟婷(Meng-Ting Tsou) ； 鄒孟文(Meng-Wen Tsou)

《臺灣家庭醫學研究》 6卷3&4期 (2008/10) Pp. 112-123

https://doi.org/10.29475/TFMR.200810.0002

摘要

目標：本研究主要目的在於探討父母親對於子女肥胖的影響，影響子女肥胖的因素包括父母肥胖狀況、父母教育程度、家庭收入、子女性別、及子女本身的健康行為。
方法：本研究利用2001年台灣「國民健康訪問調查」(2001NHIS, National Health Interview Survey)資料分析。問卷調查分別針對12歲以下的兒童及12歲以上青少年和成年人進行家戶訪問。本研究以「家戶聯結」的方法，將家庭中的父母與子女的相關屬性加以串聯，依據身體質量指數為依變項，以27公斤／公尺^2為切點分為「肥胖」與「非肥胖」二元類別的肥胖變數進行邏輯斯複迴歸分析(multiple logistic regression)估計。
結果：本研究發現，父母親肥胖對子女肥胖有明顯正向的影響性[父親：勝算比(OR)為=3.32，95%信賴區間(confidence interal, CI):2.28-4.84；母親：OR=3.61，95%CI: 2.80-5.26]。加入性別因素後，發現父母親肥胖對同性別子女的關聯性較大，母親肥胖對女兒的肥胖勝算比為4.22(95%CI=1.95-9.14)；父親肥胖對兒子的肥胖勝算比為4.36(95%CI=2.67-7.12)；但對不同性別的子女則關聯性較小，父親肥胖對女兒肥胖的關聯性雖為顯著，但勝算較低(OR=2.03, 95%CI: 1.05-3.93)；母親肥胖對兒子肥胖的關聯性則趨向不顯著(OR=1.48, 95% CI: 0.75-2.90)。相對於國小以下，有高中學歷的母親，及有大學學歷的父親，其子女肥胖的機率顯著降低(OR=0.46, 95% CI: 0.24-0.87;OR=0.41, 95% CI: 0.18-0.92)。青少年本身認為健康或家人主觀認為較健康的男性子女，肥胖機率也較高。
結論：本研究希望能以公共衛生的觀念，強調減少孩童肥胖的著力點應以父母親的衛教為出發點，提醒低教育程度和肥胖的父母親，注意其子女發生肥胖的機率可能升高，進而及早抑制小孩肥胖的機會，減少未來肥胖所帶來的龐大醫療成本。

並列摘要

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between parental obesity and child obesity. The determinants of child obesity include parental obesity, parental education, family income, gender of the child and the child's health behaviors.
Methods: This study used data drawn from the National Health Interview Survey (2001 NHIS) in Taiwan. The survey was conducted by household visits using two types of questionnaires: one is for children less than 12 years old, and the other is for adolescents older than 12 years old and adults. The parents-children merged data was constructed based on the code of household. ”Obese” or ”non-obese” was defined as a binary dependent variable by criteria for Asians (BMI≧27 kg/m^2) and multiple logistic regression was employed in the analysis.
Results: Our results showed that parental obesity increased the propensity of children obesity (father: OR=3.32, 95% CI: 2.28-4.84; mother: OR=3.61, 95% CI: 2.80-5.26). The association between parental obesity and child obesity was more significant in the same gender than the opposite gender. (mother-daughter: OR=4.22, 95% CI: 1.95-9.14; father-son: OR=4.36, 95% CI: 2.67-7.12; mother-son: OR=1.48, 95% CI: 0.75-2.90; father-daughter: OR=2.03, 95% CI: 1.05-3.93). Children raised by parents having higher educations, say, mothers with senior high and fathers with college diploma, tend to be less obese as compared with lower education parents (elementary school). (OR=0.46, 95% CI: 0.24-0.87; OR=0.41, 95% CI: 0.18-0.92). Male adolescents and children who self-perceived better health status were found being more likely to be obese.
Conclusion: The empirical results of this study endorse the need for the Taiwanese government to reinforce the program of education relating to the reduction of obesity in children and teenagers, particularly for obese parents and parents with low educational level. This may assist in decreasing the prevalence of obesity in children and teenagers as well as reducing the cost of medical care for the obese.

並列關鍵字

parents ； children ； obese ； education level