環境知識與環境行為的測得相關為何偏低？如何從測量上改善？

Why Are the Observed Correlations between Environmental Knowledge and Environmental Behavior so Low? And How to Increase Them?

林新沛(San-Pui Lam)

《環境教育研究》 10卷2期 (2014/03) Pp. 1-26

https://doi.org/10.6555/JEER.10.2.001

摘要

國外研究發現，環境知識與環境行為之間僅有低相關；而國內許多碩士論文則發現環境知識與環境行為之間的相關更低，甚至在統計上不顯著。本文回顧了15篇於近五年發表，且可取得測量工具全文的國內碩士論文，發現其在環境知識測量上常見的三個問題：（1）過於偏重事實知識；（2）缺乏對應關係或理論關聯；（3）知識題的答案要求過於精準。這些問題使研究中測得的環境知識與環境行為間難以出現高相關。針對這些問題，本文提出五項在測量環境知識時該注意的原則，最後並對環境知識的教育提出建議，期能增進教育的行為改變效果。

關鍵字

行動知識 ； 事實知識 ； 效果知識 ； 後設分

並列摘要

Research in other countries found that environmental knowledge and environmental behavior are only weakly correlated. However, the correlations reported in master's theses in Taiwan were even lower, and many of them did not reach statistical significance. This paper reviewed 15 master's theses written in Taiwan in the last five years and discovered three typical problems in their measurement of environmental knowledge. These problems were: (a) overemphasis on factual knowledge; (b) lack of theoretical linkage between the knowledge assessed and behavior assessed; and (c) ＂correct answers＂ were too narrowly defined. These problems might have restricted the observed correlation between environmental knowledge and behavior. Based on this review, several principles to avoid these problems and recommendations for environmental knowledge education were proposed.

並列關鍵字

action-related knowledge ； factual knowledge ； effectiveness knowledge ； meta-analysis

參考文獻

王珮蓉(2010)。濕地環境保育知識、態度與行為之研究－以曾文溪口濕地遊客為例(碩士論文)。國立臺南大學。

王懋雯、彭蘭晴(2007)。電子產業從業人員對環境議題的認知、態度與行為之研究。環境教育學刊。7，27-40。

王鎮中（2012）。聯合國氣候談判終於喬定 京都議定書延長至2020 年。環境資訊中心電子報。取自http://e-info.org.tw/node/82510

余靜雯(2008)。環境荷爾蒙議題融入自然領域對國小五年級學童環境知識、態度與行為之研究－以「動物的生活」單元為例(碩士論文)。國立屏東教育大學。

吳淑芬(2010)。屏東縣國小教育行政人員環境知識、環境態度與環境行為之研究(碩士論文)。國立屏東教育大學。