以數位科技輔具改善溝通障礙

Building an AAC Tool for Communication Disable People

羅裕群(Yuh-Chyun Luo) ； 陳志遠(Chih-Yuan Chen)

《實踐博雅學報》 21期 (2014/08) Pp. 53-81

https://doi.org/10.7041/SCJLA.201408_(21).0003

摘要

「溝通」是個人在群體中的必要行為。溝通的意義是利用各種的傳達工具（電話、電腦等…）與各種的媒體（符號、手勢、圖案、聲音、影片等…），來達成訊息交換的過程。在一般的情形下，使用語言是做為溝通的最主要方式。但是在社會的角落中，仍有許多的人受限於先天、疾病、傷害等因素，喪失了這個最方便的溝通工具。根據行政院衛生福利部在民間102年底的統計資料^1，我國領有身心障礙手冊的人口已逾112.5萬，其中屬於聽覺機能、聲音機能或語言機能障礙者等直接影響語言溝通的人口，合計超過13.5萬。若再累計智能、失智症、與使用呼吸器患者等潛在無法語言溝通的身心障礙人口，則人數可達30萬。這些身心障礙的朋友，由於他們的語言表達有障礙，所以在日常生活中需求、社交的表達，變成一項辛苦的工作。這種溝通不良的方式需要被改善。利用現代科技的技術，簡化溝通所需的能力。讓有語言溝通障礙的朋友，可以有方便、容易的溝通工具與媒體來達成溝通，是本研究的童心。本研究開發「圖示語言溝通平台」，可以讓身心障礙使用者輕易的輸入詞彙，組成句子，組成的句子可使用發音功能與人溝通。本研究成果對醫療照護、特殊教育、與新住民的中文學習上將有助益。

關鍵字

圖示語言 ； 科技輔具 ； 無障礙資訊科技

並列摘要

Communication is an important and required activity to everyone in our socieity. In general, people use oral language to communicate. Our language ability is improved by interation with others from we were babies. Using language to communicate is the easiest and most convenient way. However, there are still many people in the corners of our socieity lost this communication tool by diseases, heredity, or injury. According to the statistics of Ministry of Health and Welfare, the disable population in our country is more than 1.1 million by 2013. The communication disable population is over 135 thousands. If the mental retardation and learning disability population are added together, the total number of potential communication disability population will exceed 300 thousands. These people have only limited ability to describe their necessaries. It causes problems of them to communicate with others. In the long run, they will gradually give up the communication. We use information technology (IT) to make better of this situation. Our study is to build a softwar system (or app): Icon Language Communication Platform (ILCP), on tablet computers/smart phones which using graphical icons as input units to create meaningful and completed sentences. ILCP is designed for spoken language barrier, learning disability and those who dislike traditional Chinese input methods. We have three principles in our research when designing ILCP: 1. fewer input work better; 2. helping people communication; 3. helping people express their daily life requirements Following our research results, we use 130 core vocabularies on ILCP front page. These 130 vocabularies are separated into 10 categories. These 10 categories vocabularies are scheduled from the bottom up the top on the screen. Common words can be found at most in three times of mouse strokes in general. In additions, among the 10 fringe vocabularies, each has other 86 vocabularies. The scenario category also has 10 scenarios on ILCP so far. Each scenario has 99 vocabuaries. Therefore, on ILCP, we have 130 core vocabularies on front pages, and 1691 fringe vocabularies on the second page. ILCP can help users to input and compose sentences by icons. A complete sentence then can be spoken out for communication. ILCP is a very helpful tool in the medical cares and special educations.

並列關鍵字

icon languages ； assistive technology engineering ； technology for the disabled ； Chinese communicative technology for the disabled

參考文獻

衛生福利部社會及家庭署身心障礙服務入口網http://dpws.sfaa.gov.tw/commonch/home.jsp?menudata=DisbMenu&contlink=ap/statistics_view.jsp&dataserno=200810290001&mserno=200805260001&serno=200805260001

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柯惠菁譯、Bryant, D. P.、Bryant, B. R.(2009)。身心障礙者的輔助科技。心理出版社。

科技輔具維基百科定義, http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E8%BC%94%E5%8A%A9%E5%99%A8%E5%85%B7

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