邊緣性格傾向與自殺意念之關聯性研究—從心理功能與情緒語詞的自由聯想分析

The Relationship between Proneness of Borderline Personality and Suicide Ideation Based on the Analysis of Mental Function and Free Association of Emotion Words

柯永河(Yung-Ho Ko) ； 卓淑玲(Shu-Ling Cho)

《輔仁醫學期刊》 11卷2期 (2013/06) Pp. 59-71

摘要

背景與目的：Soloff & Fabio以多年的追蹤研究，分析預測邊緣性格違常自殺行為之危險因子時，發現憂鬱是一個短期的危險因子，而社會適應差則是一個長期的危險因素。本研究從心理功能（總體性的適應力指標）與情緒性語詞的自由聯想反應分析邊緣性格傾向與自殺意念之關聯性。方法：120位北部某大學之大學生參與研究。研究工具包括9個自由聯想詞（情緒、快樂、生氣、害怕、悲傷、討厭、自殺、幽默與憂鬱症）、自殺意念量尺、邊緣性格量尺及四個心理功能缺損量尺。參與者先針對每一個聯想詞依序做4分鐘的自由聯想，然後填寫相關量表。結果：(1)男性的自殺意念與自殺用方法、工具、場所的聯想反應量有正相關，而女性的自殺意念則與「快樂詞」的聯想量有負相關，也與「自殺詞」的負向情緒、終止意義類聯想反應量有正相關，而與「評價詞」的聯想反應量有負相關。(2)男性的邊緣性格傾向與「害怕」、「憂鬱症」兩詞的聯想反應量分別有正相關，也與「自殺詞」的自由聯想反應的宗教類聯想內容量有正相關。另一方面，女性的邊緣性格傾向則與「自殺詞」的終止意義類聯想內容量有正相關，與資源類聯想內容量有負相關。進一步放進中介變項分析則發現。(3)女性參與者之終止意義聯想量會透過邊緣性格傾向來預測自殺的傾向，即邊緣性格傾向為「終止意義」類的自由聯想反應量與自殺意念之中介變項。結論：研究結果中一直發現性別因素影響的差異性，此結果與文獻記載相符，將與相關文獻進行整合性討論。

關鍵字

邊緣性格傾向 ； 自殺意念 ； 自由聯想 ； 心理功能受損度 ； 中介變項 ； 情緒詞

並列摘要

Background and purpose: In Soloff & Fabio's longitudinal study of the factors of suicidal behavior in predictable borderline personality, they found that depression was a short-term risk factor and poor social adjustment was a long-term factor. The present study used mental functions (general adjustment indexes) and the free association of emotion words to analyze the relationship between borderline personality and suicide ideation. Research method: 120 college students of different grades from a university in Northern Taiwan participated in the study. The research tools comprised of nine emotion words for free association, the suicidal ideation scale, the borderline personality scale and four menatal function scales. Each participant was given four minutes each to make free associations with each of the nine emotion words, and completed each of the scales. Results: (1) Suicidal ideation in men was positively correlated with the methodology/tools and space of suicide in free association with the word ”suicide,” while for women, suicidal ideation was negatively correlated with the amount of free association from the word ”happy,” positively correlated with negative emotion and lose of meaning in free association with the word ”suicide,” and negatively correlated with the amount of assessment associations in free association. (2) Borderline personality proneness in men was positively correlated with the amount of association from the words ”fear” and ”depression,” and negatively correlated with the amount of association regarding religion during association with the word ”suicide.” For women, borderline personality tendency was positively correlated with the amount of association regarding loss of meaning during association with the word ”suicide,” and negatively correlated with association with the amount of association regarding resources. (3) For female participants, borderline personality proneness was a mediator in predicting suicidal ideation with the amount of association regarding loss of meaning. Conclusion: In analysis of the data, gender differences were consistently observed. Some of these results match some of the existing literature. Integration with other research is discussed.

並列關鍵字

porneness of borderline personality ； suicide ideation ； free association ； mental function ； mediator ； emotion words