嚴重急性呼吸道症候群對醫療人員心理健康之影響

Effect of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Epidemic on Psychiatric Morbidity of Medical Personnel

陳喬琪(Chiao-Chicy Chen) ； 郭千哲(Chian-Jue Kuo) ； 李明濱(Ming-Been Lee)

《北市醫學雜誌》 1卷1期 (2004/01) Pp. 75-80

https://doi.org/10.6200/TCMJ.2004.1.1.12

摘要

目的：醫療是工作壓力很大的職業，但是其工作人員的心理健康狀態，在我國卻很少被探討。在嚴重急性呼吸道症候群（Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome）疫期的後期，以問卷調查方法，檢視醫療工作人員的精神病患病率。方法：以臺北市四所市立醫院的醫療人員為對象，每一家醫院給予簡式症狀量表（Brief Symptoms Rating Scale，以下簡稱BSRS）問卷70份，以研究對象醫院的護理科為中心，隨機的方式發放給院內同仁，採自願、匿名與自填的方式填寫。結果：本研究總計發出問卷280份，總共回收222份，回收率是79%。性別分佈是，男性13人（6%），女性209人（94%）；職業分佈是，醫師有11人（5%），護理人員是183人（82%），行政人員28人（13%）；平均年齡是36歲。精神疾病的患病率，即BSRS的得分大於（等於）6分者，A醫院為57%，B醫院為39%，C醫院為42%，D醫院為18%。A醫院的同仁，需要進一步精神科的檢查者，顯著多於其他兩院（χ2＝19.98 df＝2，p﹤0.001）。有直接照顧SARS者，其BSRS得分超過6分的人數稍多（51%）於未曾直接照顧SARS病人者，其差異在統計學有邊緣的意義（χ2＝3.447，df＝1，p＝0.063）。結論：醫院工作同仁的心理健康需要關注。對於BSRS超過6分者，需要進一步檢查以確定精神疾病罹病率。建議在平常時期也應該定期篩檢，促使瞭解我國醫療人員心理健康的狀態。

關鍵字

醫療人員 ； 心理健康 ； 精神疾病患病率 ； 簡式症狀量表 ； SARS

並列摘要

Objectives: The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) epidemic had major impacts on the mental health of medical personnel working in Taiwan. The aim of this study was to assess the psychiatric morbidity of medical personnel who worked during the period of the SARS epidemic. Methods: A self-report method using the Brief Symptoms Rating Scale (BSRS) was randomly distributed to medical personnel for completion on a voluntary basis. Results: A total of 222 medical personnel from 4 city hospitals, including one psychiatric hospital completed the questionnaire. The overall response rate was 79%. Most of the respondents were nurse staff (82%), with mean age of 36-years-old. The prevalence of psychiatric morbidity as defined by BSRS score (≥6) was 18% among psychiatric hospital staff, and 57% in medical staff in hospitals which had treated SARS patients. The medical staff of the two hospitals which had no SARS patients during the epidemic showed 39% and 42% prevalences of psychiatric morbidity, respectively. Staff who had treated SARS patients were more likely to have BPRS scores suggesting the presence of psychiatric morbidity. Conclusions: The results of this study strongly suggest the need for strategies to deal with the stress faced by healthcare workers on the frontlines of the SARS epidemic.

並列關鍵字

medical personnel ； mental health ； psychiatric morbidity ； BSRS ； SARS