- 期刊
臺灣地區社區心理衛生中心之運作型態
Operational Models for Community Mental Health Centers in Taiwan
摘要
目的：我國精神衛生法明定「縣（市）衛生主管機關得設社區性心理衛生中心…」，目前已有許多縣市依法設置，然其運作狀況及成效一直以來少有探討。本研究旨在瞭解台灣地區社區心理衛生中心的基本背景、工作內容、特點、困境與展望等運作概況。方法：使用專家焦點團體討論研究內容，並以CIPP(Context、Input、Process、Product)評估模式為資料收集工具，最後進行實地訪察與紀錄。結果：台灣地區社區心理衛生中心之現況如下：(1)普遍缺乏人力與經費；(2)工作內容以重一、二段心理衛生預防為主；(3)半數以上由衛生局主導及執行中心業務，並以資源整合為工作的型態。結論：(1)對政府建議修法改「應設」為「得設」，以提昇社區心衛中心之重要性與行政權力，並補助適當經費，使中心運作無礙；(2)對於各中心則建議以一、二段預防為主要工作，並應善用社區專業及非專業之相關資源，結合相關單位組成社區身心健康諮詢委員會，以協助中心業務推展。
並列摘要
Objectives: According to the Article 10 of Mental Health Act, ”The Department of Public Health in the County (City) can set up Community Mental Health Centers (CMHC)…”. At present there are many counties and cities that have set up CMHCs, but there have been no reports that have systematically evaluated their status and efficiency. Therefore, in this study, we try to understand the context, work content, characteristics and limitations of CMHCs in Taiwan as well as proposing future plans for them. Methods: We completed this study using a series of expert focus groups to examine the systems in place, by collecting data using a CIPP (Context, Blnput, BProcess, BProduct) evaluation model, and by performing and recording the results of a field study. Results: Most of the CMHCs in Taiwan lack staff and financial support. All of the CMHCs focused their work largely on primary and secondary prevention. Over half of working systems created by the county or city public health departments play both a directing and executive role, and the work concentrates on resource management. Conclusion: We suggest firstly that the government should replace the word ”can” with ”should” in Mental Health Act to emphasize the importance and power of the CMHCs. Secondly, they should provide financial support to ensure that the CMHCs work well. Thirdly, we recommend that the CMHCs should focus their work on primary and secondary prevention, improve their use of community resources, and combine the various mental health agencies to create a ”consultant association”. The overall aim of these suggestions is to help improve the performance of CMHCs.