自閉圖譜疾患之破鏡理論

自閉圖譜疾患為常見的發展性疾患，其明顯的徵狀常表現在語言、模仿、社會互動等缺失上，其中尤以情緒溝通的障礙、行為意圖的不解或扭曲，因而導致社會互動功能失常為主要的症狀。鏡像神經系統最早由猴子身上發現，該系統為運動神經系統的一部分，但除了在自身運動時會活化，在觀察其他同類相似的運動時相同的神經元也會活化，引發了該系統可能是負責理解他人行為生理機制的想法。越來越多的實驗證明，鏡像神經系統不只可以在內在形成別人行為的表徵，且與腦中其他與社會互動有關的腦區有密切的關聯，｛如：負責處理臉部訊息的FFA(fusiform face area)、負責處理情緒訊息的杏仁核(amygdale)等｝。許多的研究亦顯示腦中有對應同理心的生理機制，在自身經驗與被動觀察相同的事件時，腦中有許多相同的部位會活化。從大腦較低階的運動訊息皮質區（鏡像神經系統）的表徵，到其他較高階同理心訊息處理的了解與研究，能幫助我們對ASD有越來越多的認識，進而找到更有效的治療方法。

關鍵字

自閉圖譜疾患；鏡像神經系統；社會認知；模仿；同理心

並列摘要

ASD (autism spectrum disorders) are one of the most common developmental disorders in the pediatric population. The patients usually have obvious deficits in language, imitation and social interaction etc., especially the dysfunction in social interaction which results from difficulties in emotion communication and misunderstanding of behavioral intention. Mirror neuron system was first found in macaque monkey. It is part of motor system which not only fires when one is doing action but also when watching somebody else doing the same action. The finding inspired us that this system may be a biological mechanism responsible for understanding others' behaviors. There are growing evidences that show firing of mirror neuron system could represent others' behaviors and correlates closely with other brain areas involved in face processing [FFA (fusiform face area)] and emotional processing (amygdala), the so-called social brain. Many researches are also investigating empathy related mechanism in brain which activates when experiencing and observing the same event. We are trying to investigate the relationship between the lower level motor representation (mirror neuron system) processing and the higher level of empathy processing to get closer to ASD and to shed light on developing better treatment.

並列關鍵字

autism spectrum disorder ； mirror neuron system ； social cognition ； imitation ； empathy

國際替代計量

自閉圖譜疾患之破鏡理論

未授權

主題瀏覽