都會社區獨居及慢性病老人跌倒之預測因子

Predictors of Falls among Community-dwelling Elderly Who Live Alone or Have Chronic Diseases in an Urban Area

劉俐蓉(Li-Rong Li) ； 沈希哲(Hsi-Che Shen)

《北市醫學雜誌》 5卷1期 (2008/02) Pp. 86-101

https://doi.org/10.6200/TCMJ.2008.5.1.09

摘要

本研究目的在探討都會社區獨居和慢性病老人跌倒現況及其重要預測因子。以台北市二個健康服務中心所列管的65歲以上獨居及慢性病老人為母群體，系統隨機抽樣選取研究樣本，以結構式問卷訪問調查的方式，共收集有效樣本數245人。問卷內容包括社會人口學變項、預防跌倒自我效能、預防跌倒行為、日常活動、跌倒的評估及居家環境安全評估。以階層多元迴歸分析結果發現：總解釋力為74.1%，重要預測變項為教育程度、喪偶、視力、害怕跌倒、預防跌倒行為與居家環境的浴室、臥房及樓梯等變項。依據研究結果提出，教導老人跌倒預防知識、視力保健、維持步態平衡、提升身體功能、到宅服務、家庭改善策略與居家環境安全等實務建議。

關鍵字

老人 ； 跌倒 ； 自我效能 ； 預防跌倒 ； 居家環境

並列摘要

Background & Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the predictors of falls among community-dwelling elders who lives in urban area. Methods: This study comprised 245 effective samples, randomly drawn from lists provided by two district health services centers in Taipei city. Results: The subjects are persons over 65 years old persons living alone and mostly with chronic disease. The elders were interviewed using a structural questionnaire to evaluate their socio-demographic char-acteristics, self-efficacy, fall prevention, activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and home environments. Collected data were analyzed by hierarchical multiple regression. Results Education level, widower/widow, vision, fear of falling, prevention of falls and environment (bathroom, bedroom, stairs) were significantly predictors, the total variance is 74.1%. Conclusions: Finally, suggestions are provided for clinical practices to prevent elders fall in the community.

並列關鍵字

elder ； fall ； self-efficacy ； fall prevention ； home environment