泌尿道感染之婦女預防復發之健康信念與行為

Health Beliefs and Behaviors in the Prevention of Urinary Tract Reinfection or Relapse among Women

孫建偉(Jainn-Wele Sun) ； 李靜芳(Ching-Fang Lee) ； 宋秋桂(Chiu-Quie Sung) ； 江倫志(Lun-Jih Jiang) ； 高馷愉(Pei-Yu Kao) ； 謝沛宜(Pei-Yi Hsieh) ； 林淑珊(Shu-Shan Lin)

《北市醫學雜誌》 11卷2期 (2014/06) Pp. 161-178

https://doi.org/10.6200/TCMJ.2014.11.2.05

摘要

目的：本研究目的欲以健康信念模式探討曾泌尿道感染婦女對於預防泌尿道反覆感染及復發之健康信念及行為，並瞭解影響其相關因素。方法：本研究乃為調查研究設計，研究對象為（1）曾有泌尿道感染病史者、（2）年滿20歲以上45歲以下之未停經婦女、（3）排除經醫師診斷為糖尿病及有泌尿道結石病史者。回收有效問卷共106份。本研究工具採自擬問卷，分別為：（1）社會人口學變項及泌尿道感染病史（2）泌尿道反覆感染或復發之健康信念量表（3）泌尿道反覆感染或復發預防行為量表。研究工具之專家效度CVI值為97.1%，信度為Cronbach's α值為0.69-0.92%。統計方法以SPSS for Windows 17.0程式進行分析。結果：研究結果：（一）曾有泌尿道感染者再感染的比率為29.2%，且面對泌尿道再度感染時，大於1/5是採取不理會或自行服藥的方式處理。（二）泌尿道感染反覆感染或復發預防行為之顯著因素為職業、年齡、個人經濟狀況、泌尿道感染頻率；預防泌尿道感染反覆感染或復發健康信念之顯著相關因素為年齡、職業、個人經濟狀況、泌尿道感染處理方式及曾因UTI住院史。（三）曾泌尿道感染的婦女對於泌尿道反覆感染或復發之健康信念：傾向自覺可能再度罹患泌尿道感染、認為復發或反覆感染泌尿道感染會帶來嚴重後果、同意預防泌尿道感染行動的利益、認為執行預防泌尿道感染行為之障礙與困難、接受到預防泌尿染感染行動線索是偏多的。結論：本研究結果可提供醫護人員於照護婦女避免泌尿道復發及反覆感染之參考。

關鍵字

婦女 ； 曾泌尿道感染 ； 預防行為 ； 復發 ； 反覆感染

並列摘要

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the health beliefs and behaviors in the prevention of urinary tract reinfection or relapse among women using health belief model. Methods: Data were collected from female subjects (1) with a history of urinary tract infection, (2) of at least 20 years of age and below 45 years, (3) premenopausal, and (4) exclusive from diabetes and urinary tract stone disease history. Valid questionnaires were collected from 106 female subjects. The data included (1) socio-demographic information and urinary tract infection history, (2) health belief scale in prevention of recurrent or relapse of urinary tract infections, and (3) prevention behaviors scale of urinary tract reinfection or relapse. The Experts validity of the instruments CVI was 97.1%. The Cranach's α value was 0.69-0.92%. SPSS 17.0 for Windows was used for statistical analysis. Results: The reinfection rate was 29.2%, and more than 20% of the subjects ignored or self-medicated the disease. Occupation, age, personal month income, frequency of urinary tract infections were significantly associated with the prevention behaviors; age, occupation, personal month income, treatment of urinary tract infections and hospitalization history due to UTI were significantly associated with prevention health beliefs. Conclusion: The research subjects tended to: (1) believe that they might be reinfected and the reinfections or relapse might cause serious consequences, (2) agree with the benefits of prevention actions, (3) understand the barrier and difficulty of conducting the prevention actions and (4) receive prevention action cues. The results of this study provide the health professionals a reference in preventing urinary tract reinfection or relapse.

並列關鍵字

women ； had a urinary tract infection ； prevention behavior ； relapse ； recurrent