免疫檢查點抑制劑於肝細胞癌的治療成效方案之回顧

肝細胞癌（Hepatocellular carcinoma, HCC）是癌症致死原因排名的第二位，全身治療（systemic therapy）是不適合治癒的病人或局部治療以及已有轉移的病人首選的治療方法。而大多數病例被診斷時已屬晚期肝癌，這些晚期肝癌的病人標準治療方案為給予全身性治療，即予multitargeted tyrosine kinase抑制劑，然而這些藥物延長之中位數存活期皆很短。晚期肝癌藥物的另一項重大突破，就是免疫療法的運用。免疫療法是近年來癌症治療的新希望，其中一種稱為免疫檢查點抑制劑（immune checkpoint inhibitors, ICIs）治療。根據最近許多第三期的臨床試驗研究顯示第一線或第二線nivolumab、pembrolizumab或tremelimumab用於晚期HCC比起sorafenib或安慰劑，能改善治療的反應及提升存活。

關鍵字

肝細胞癌；全身治療；免疫檢查點抑制劑

並列摘要

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer deaths. Systemic therapy is the first-choice remedy for patients unsuitable for pursuing aggressive or local treatment or with metastases. Most liver cancer patients are diagnosed at their late advanced stage. The standard treatment for these patients with advanced liver cancer is systemic therapy using multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors. However, these drugs have limited effect in prolonging the median survival time. Another breakthrough in advanced liver cancer drugs is the use of immunotherapy. Immunotherapy is new hope for cancer treatment, one of which is immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Many recent phase III clinical trials have shown that the first-line or second-line nivolumab, pembrolizumab, or tremelimumab can improve treatment response and survival of advanced HCC compared to sorafenib or placebo. This article introduces the effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors alone and in combination with HCC treatment.

並列關鍵字

hepatocellular carcinoma ； systemic therapy ； immune checkpoint inhibitors

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