血液透析病人營養狀態及影響因素探討

目的：本研究探討血液透析病人營養狀態之影響因素。方法：本研究採橫斷式研究設計，採用立意取樣，於中部某區域教學醫院血液透析室，進行結構式問卷調查收案106份問卷。問卷內容包含透析病人人口基本資料、生化檢驗值、迷你營養量表（Mini Nutritional Assessment, MNA）。統計方法以描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定（independent samples t-test）、單因子變異數分析（one-way ANOVA）、皮爾森相關性分析（Pearson's correlation analysis）及線性複迴歸分析（Multiple linear regression）等方法進行資料分析。結果：血液透析病人平均年齡61.44歲，平均接受透析治療68.64±43.71個月。營養狀態平均分數23.65±2.78；其中51位（48.1%）為營養不良危險性和營養不良情形。線性複迴歸分析結果發現「主要經濟來源」、「Hb」、「Transferrin」可顯著預測營養狀態，共解釋營養狀態總變異量為20.2%。結論：臨床實務中，可藉由瞭解透析病人主要經濟來源以及生化檢驗數值，並且運用量表進行評估主動瞭解病人之營養狀態，作為擬定透析病人個別性照護策略方向之參考。

關鍵字

血液透析；生化檢驗；營養狀態

並列摘要

Objective: This study explored the influencing factors of nutritional status in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. Methods: We adopted a cross-sectional and purpose sampling approach and conducted a questionnaire survey in 106 subjects. The questionnaire collected basic demographic information and biochemical test results of the subjects besides the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the data. Results: The mean age was 61.44 years, and the mean treatment time was 68.64±43.71 months. The mean scores of nutrition status and quality of life were 23.65±2.78 and 48.77±10.05, respectively. Among the patients, 51 (48.1%) were potentially malnourished or malnourished. The linear multiple regression analysis showed that the main source of income, Hb, and transferrin significantly predicted the nutritional status and explained 20.2% variability of the nutritional status. Conclusion: Primary economic sources, biochemical test values, and active investigation of the nutrition status may be used to arrange individual care plans for dialysis patients.

並列關鍵字

hemodialysis ； biochemical test ； nutritional status

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