性別及世代差異對於調查官執法態度之影響

The Influence of Gender and Generation on Taiwan MJIB Agents' Attitudes toward Law Enforcement

李允中(Yun-Chung Lee)

《犯罪與刑事司法研究》 18期 (2012/03) Pp. 61-88

https://doi.org/10.29861/CCJI.201203.0003

摘要

法務部調查局係我國司法調查機關，職司貪瀆及賄選查察、重大經濟及毒品等犯罪防制。自2006年起，該局放寬女性投考限制，使得長久以來性別隔離之現象產生變化；另1976年以後出生之多元世代（又稱為網路世代或Y世代）亦開始加入執法行列，性別及世代差異是否會影響調查官之執法態度，牽涉執法成效及勤務分配安排，間或影響犯罪防制策略，乃極為重要且亟待深入研究之議題。揆諸過去文獻，大致認為性別及世代差異均會對調查官之執法態度造成影響，即男性之奉獻積極性（如是否願意負責較危險之勤務）及執法強度（如強制處分或強制力使用之傾向）均較女性正向；多元世代之奉獻積極性及執法強度亦較其他世代正向。本研究於2011年5月中至6月中對法務部調查局局本部、臺北市調查處、新北市調查處、臺中市調查處、臺南市調查處及高雄市調查處等單位進行問卷發放施測，共計回收394份有效問卷，經迴歸統計分析後，發現女性調查官之奉獻積極性不如男性，惟世代對於奉獻積極性並無影響；而多元世代則較1975年以前出生之轉型世代傾向以較強勢手段進行搜索，對於羈押重要性也較為肯定，惟性別對於執法強度則無影響，以上僅與過去文獻部分相符。最後，本研究發現性別及世代間並沒有交互作用之現象。

關鍵字

性別 ； 世代 ； 調查局 ； 調查官 ； 執法

並列摘要

This thesis examines the influence of gender and generation on law enforcement officers' working attitudes using survey data collected from special agents of the Taiwan's Investigation Bureau, Ministry of Justice (hereafter referred to as MJIB). MJIB represents a key law enforcement agency of Taiwan's criminal justice system specializing in the investigation of government corruption, bribery, economic crimes and illegal drug transactions. MJIB was chosen as the subject of the thesis because of its demographic changes in gender and generation in recent years. The agency lifted its quota restrictions on female agent recruitment in 2006. Meanwhile, worth noticing as well is the emerging population of the ”Net-Generation” agents, who were born and grew up after 1975 when martial law was lifted and now represent a whole new liberal generation in an agency dominated by a conservative bureaucratic culture.Previous research has acknowledged the influences of gender and generation on law enforcement officers' task execution aggressiveness, indicating that male officers exhibit more supportive attitudes than their female counterparts, and that the Net-Generation officers have a higher degree of involvement in task execution than senior officers.Based on 394 surveys collected between May and June, 2011 from MJIB agents in Taipei City, New Taipei City, Taichung City, Tainan City and Kaohsiung City, findings of this survey, however, are not consistent with these from previous research. With respect to task execution, the female agents are found to be less dedicated to duties, and the Net-Generation agents prefer aggressive raids and investigation approaches and favor the importance of arresting suspects. The study also did not discover any interaction effects between gender and generation on agents' working attitudes.

並列關鍵字

gender ； generation ； cohort ； Investigation Bureau ； MJIB ； law enforcement