影響病房護理人員照護品質之相關因素研究

由於住院病患非常仰賴護理人員之照護，並希望獲得優良之護理照護品質，此導致病房護理人員沉重之工作負荷。文獻顯示護理照護品質會受到護理人員之工作環境及工作負荷所影響，故本研究之目的乃針對個案醫院之內外科病房護理人員探討其工作環境及工作負荷與護理照護品質之關係。採問卷調查法，共獲86份有效問卷，並執行描述性統計、t檢定、單因子變異數分析、Pearson積差相關、因素分析及多元廻歸分析。研究結果為護理品質瑕疵之發生頻率平均每月少於一次；護理品質之過程達成情形良好；工作環境尚稱滿意。工作負荷構面中之下班時間經常逾時1小時以上及工作需要做事很快之現象確實存在。另外，護理人員之工作環境會影響其護理品質之過程以及直接負荷因素會影響護理品質瑕疵發生頻率。研究結論為院方應設法提高護理人員對工作環境之滿意程度以及降低護理人員之直接負荷，以提升護理品質過程之達成並減少護理品質瑕疵發生之頻率。

關鍵字

護理人員；工作環境；工作負荷；護理品質

並列摘要

Hospitalized patients rely heavily on nursing care and want to get the excellent quality of nursing. It leads to a heavy workload of the ward nurses. The literatures show that the nursing quality will be affected by the working environment and workload of nurses. Hence the objective of this paper is to explore the relation between nursing quality and working environment and workload of the nurses in the medical and surgical wards. We use the questionnaires to collect data. 86 valid questionnaires were obtained and analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's r, factor analysis and multivariate regression. The results as following: Defects frequency of nursing quality was less than once per month on average. The achievement of process of nursing quality is good and the working environment is fairly satisfied. The situations of extra one working hour and quick action existed. In addition, the working environment significantly affects the process of nursing quality, and the direct load significantly affects the defects frequency of nursing quality. We conclude that the hospital should try to improve the satisfaction level of working environment and reduce the direct load of nurses in order to enhance achievement of process of nursing quality and reduce the defects frequency of nursing quality.