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台灣的政治變化與社會政策發展 ─以全民健保與國民年金規劃為例 ─

Political Change and Social Policy in Taiwan: The National Health Insurance and Pension-Plan as Instances

摘要


本文檢驗台灣自八零年代以來重要政治變化(尤其是政治自由化與民主化)與社會政策發展之間的關係。本文選擇台灣戰後以來第一個普及性的社會保險,即一九九五年實施的全民健康保險以及目前仍在規劃中的國民年金為研究對象;應用了五個針對政治變化與社會政策發展關係的理論作為理論基礎並檢驗他們在台灣在民主化之後社會政策發展經驗上的解釋力,即現代化理論、權力資源理論、政黨異化理論、政治制度理論以及全球化理論。研究結果顯示,台灣八零年代以來劇烈的政治民主化結果特別是反對黨的成立以及政黨競爭,影響了全民健保和國民年金的政治過程和政策結構特徵;這兩個民主化以後產生的社會政策,在政治過程與政策結構特徵上有著許多共同點,但是與全民健保比起來,國民年金的政治過程比較不受威權政治決定模式的影響,在政策模式的建構與選擇上也具有更多的可能性。

並列摘要


This article takes five theories that often used in the field of welfare state research in the Western to explore the relationship between political democratization and development of social policy in Taiwan. This Research focuses on the two social policies which are made after political democratization, the National Health Insurance (1995) and the Pension-Plan since 1993. This Research finds out the following conclusions: the effects of political liberalization and democratization , especially the foundation of opposition-parties and the competition between parties, influences the political decision-making process and system-construction of these two social policies. Between these two policies we can find out many resemblances in the political process and system-construction. But comparative to the National Health Insurance, the political process by Pension-Plan is not so influenced by the policy-making model of political authoritarianism and has more possibilities about the choice to system-construction.

被引用紀錄


曾夢麟(2010)。我國國民年金制度對商業保險發展之影響-以國泰人壽為例〔碩士論文,淡江大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2010.00190
朱建勳(2010)。我國國民年金制度立法發展過程分析:否決者理論觀點〔碩士論文,朝陽科技大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0078-0601201112113037

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