從《楚辭》韻例看郭店楚簡〈語叢四〉

The Guodian Text "Yucong 4" Viewed in the Light of Chu Rhyme

顧史考(Shi-Kao Gu)

《先秦兩漢學術》 5期 (2006/03) Pp. 187-216

https://doi.org/10.29443/TLXQHD.200603.0008

摘要

〈語叢四〉篇，以俗話諺語為主，從頭到尾成韻，堪稱郭店楚墓竹簡中最為獨特的一篇。本文對該篇進行全面的韻讀分析、簡序調整以及文字釋讀。此一方面分析〈語叢四〉各章內之合韻情形而與《楚辭》之分韻情況相互比較，以便探求對於〈語叢四〉所從出的方言韻文環境得出初步認識的依據。然同時透過韻讀分析之後，〈語叢四〉多處的釋讀、句讀、文義及簡序等問題可藉以得到更加合理的解釋，甚至於簡文中或可能為誤抄或妄改之處，亦可藉由韻讀分析而得出新解。

關鍵字

郭店 ； 郭店楚簡 ； 語叢四 ； 楚辭 ； 古文韻讀 ； 諸子百家

並列摘要

Dominated by aphoristic maxims and rhymed throughout, ”Yucong 4” is certainly one of the most unique texts within the entire corpus of bamboo manuscripts excavated from the site of Guodian. This essay provides a thorough rhyme analysis of that text, along with an interpretation of individual graphs and a rearrangement of certain strips. On the one hand, it compares the rhymes of each passage to patterns of rhyme distribution in the ”Chuci”, so as to gain familiarity with the regional dialectical environment from which it came. At the same time, the rhyme analysis is used to arrive at better readings for many specific passages within the text itself, and even to uncover some possible scribal errors within it.

並列關鍵字

Guodian ； Guodian bamboo texts ； "Yucong 4" ； Chuci ； old Chinese rhyme analysis ； pre-Qin philosophers